Tue CASTLE OF DuMFRIES. 75 
work, at one time, and the average numbered about 80. The 
timber was got at the forest of Inglewood in Cumberland, and the 
peel which was to be placed around the Castle of Dumfries was 
chiefly worked and made there. Trees were also cut in a wood 
near Dumfries, for pales. An axe, which was borrowed for the 
purpose, not being returned to the owner, he was compensated 
with a payment of 10d. Other 4 axes used for cutting trees in 
the same wood cost ls 1d each. A considerable amount of 
smith’s work was performed at Inglewood, and it is evident that a 
fabric was in course of construction in the forest. Thomas de 
Turney was the chief smith, receiving a wage of 6d per day, and 
he had 7 assistants, some receiving 5d and others 4d a day; and 
4100 nails and 62 bolts were bought at Carlisle and elsewhere for 
smith’s work. Master Edward de Appleby was the chief mason. 
His comrades varied in number up to 15. The work of this craft 
consisted, partly at least, in repairing stone buildings within the 
“King’s Castle of Dumfries.’’ 
That Edward regarded this matter of great importance and 
urgency is evident. On 17th September he supervised the opera- 
tions, when he distributed among the workers a gratuity of £2 in 
addition to their wages. On the 27th the Queen made a similar 
distribution. Later the carpenters and ditchers had 4 casks of 
beer for their encouragement. Master Edward de Appleby and 
his lad had a gratuity of 5 shillings in October. On the 30th of 
the same month £1 5s 7d was distributed among the ditchers. 
And in the middle of November £1 3s 4d was by order of the 
King distributed on two occasions at Dumfries to the carpenters. 
We have the King’s own estimate of the value in which he 
held such strongholds as the Castle of Dumfries. Writing to 
the lord treasurer of England, he says:—“ And to our affairs of 
Scotland be also attentive in such manner that our interests may 
prosper there, and that the wages be well and promptly paid to 
our people who remain in those parts; and that you cause the 
Castles of Scotland to be well surveyed, and the fortresses and 
the other places which concern us there, and that they may be 
well stored, so that there be no want, and that the new castles 
which we are causing to be made there, have all they shall require 
for the completion of the works. For if they be well stored 
everywhere, this will be a great security to the whole of our affairs 
in those parts.”’ 
