124 Tue VENDACE. 
ever, for it is confined to the Lochmaben group of lochs and their 
water system, with the exception that it is also native to Winder- 
mere and _ Bassenthwaite. (See meeting at Lockerbie in 
Febr. 24). 
So far as I know the Vendace is first noted from the scientific 
point of view by Sir Robt. Sibbald in his “ Scotia Illustrata,”’ 
published in 1688. It was called by him Vandesius and Geoan- 
desius, these being Latinised expressions of the names then current 
for it. Pennant, in that interesting old sketch of Caledonian 
Zoology, which he wrote in 1773, and prefixed to Lightfoot’s 
“Flora Scotica,’’? treated the Vendace as identical with the 
Gwyniad of the Welsh lakes, and with the Powan of Loch 
Lomond, an error which held the field for a very long period, 
although Stewart in his “Elements of Natural History, pub- 
lished in 1817, gives the “ Juvangis ’’ as distinct from the Gwyniad 
and the Powan, treating the two latter as a single species, which 
they really are. So far as a correct scientific diagnosis is con- 
cerned we have to admit that Sir William Jardine was the first 
to differentiate the Vendace as a species from all others, though 
Stewart is also entitled, as I have already said, to some credit ; 
but he identified the Vendace with the Sik of Lake Wener, in 
Sweden. Jardine’s paper was published in the “ Edinburgh 
Journal of Natural and Geographical Science ”’ for 1830. I 
need not discuss in the present connection how this famous fish 
has had its specific name altered from time to time from 
“ Mareenula ’’ to “ Willughbii,’’ and then again to “ Vandesius,’’ 
which last was given to it by a great naturalist and explorer, Sir 
John Richardson, son of a Provost of Dumfries. 
The Vendace is one of the Coregonide, a genus comprising 
nearly 50 species, which are found exclusively along the northern 
parts of Europe, Asia, and America. The great majority are 
lacustrine species, a few of them are subject to periodical migra- 
tions to the sea, and one of the Continental species, C. 
oxyrhyncus, is almost as much a marine as a fresh water species. 
In many instances their distribution is as local as is our own 
Vendace. In some cases three or more species are found in the 
same loch. Their headquarters are undoubtedly along the 
northern parts of North America, where they abound in every lake 
and river. 
In Great Britain we have three species of the genus Core- 
