SEASONAL MOVEMENTS OF FISHES. 151 
able extent, and were not now seen in the quantities they once 
exhibited, although these visits were still made late in summer. 
There was one particular group of fishes that were of much interest 
to the student of Solway fishes, inasmuch as some of them had 
occurred on our western British coast, there and nowhere else. 
This group was composed of species from Mediterranean waters 
and the Western Morocco coast. ‘They evidently came along with 
the warm weather and warm water, and were not found until 
summer was well advanced. The tunny was one of them, and 
had been taken in the Newbie nets and elsewhere. Both the com- 
mon bonito and the belted bonito had been secured. The maigre 
had been added to the list only last summer, and by himself, from 
a specimen taken at Port Ling. One of the same group was the 
“John Dory,’’ although much more commonly found than any of 
the others. And lastly, the swordfish, though a great rarity, was 
from the same region as the others named. 
Of typical fresh water fishes the pike and the perch were 
familiar examples. These came from the deeper depths of the 
lochs they frequented to the shallows for spawning purposes at 
certain seasons. And so also did the vendace, and more especi- 
ally the charrs of the deep Galloway lochs, which could only be 
secured in sufficient quantity for potting purposes when they came 
to the margins of gravel in the autumn months. Of anadromous 
fishes everyone knew the salmon and the sea trout, and how these 
fishes ran up the rivers to spawn, and how the young fish had just 
as irresistible an impulse to seek the sea when they had reached 
a certain stage of life. But how and where they passed their time 
in the sea no one had any certain knowledge. Less known forms 
among the anadromous fishes were the smelt, that little fish with 
the strange scent of cucumbers or rushes which was so distinctive 
when they came in the Cree and the Nith and other rivers in 
autumn. ~The shad or rock herring was also another of the fish 
that came into fresh water to spawn. So also was the sturgeon, 
huge examples of which were annually caught when running river- 
wards in early summer. 
Of the catadromous species the flounder was a familiar 
species, but the most typical of this group was the common eel, 
the mystery of whose life-history had now been solved. Once 
thought to be destitute of sexual organs, the eel was now known 
with certainty to go down to sea to spawn at great depths. They 
