Tue Honey BEE. 195 
genesis. This was known to exist in some insects 200 years ago, 
but it was only about 50 years ago that it was known in bees. All 
eggs which come to maturity in the ovaries are one and the same 
kind, which, when without coming into contact with the male 
fertilising germ develop into male bees. Those which are fer- 
tilised produce females. If we cross an Italian queen with a black 
drone, the female progeny will show qualities of the two races, 
but the drones will be Italians. The drone, therefore, has no 
father. This was anatomically proved by Siebold, who crushed 
eggs newly laid, and eggs laid _in drone cells were found to be 
without the fertilising germ, whilst in the eggs found in worker 
cells the germ was plainly seen. In the head of the worker bee 
are the compound and_ simple eyes, antennae, and mouth parts. 
In the worker the three simple eyes are on the crown of the head. 
Set in triangular form, they are much the same in the queen, but 
in the drone the compound eyes are so large that they displace 
the simple ones, which appear right in front of the face. The 
antennae, of which there are two, are in the centre of the head of 
each bee. The mouth parts consist of several organs, of which 
the most interesting is the tongue. The thorax gives place to the 
two pairs of wings and three pairs of legs. The abdomen con- 
tains the honey sac, true stomach, etc., etc. The compound eyes 
consist of a large number of simple eyes placed together, with 
sensory hairs between each facet. There are never less than 
3900 in each compound eye. The queen has more, and the 
drone which has to seek its female many more, displacing the 
simple eyes entirely. The compound eyes are for seeing at long 
distance, it being calculated that the angle formed by the lenses 
enables the bee to see an object of half-an-inch at seven yards. 
The simple eyes are for short vision, and useful in dark places. 
Mr Cowan thinks Lord Avebury’s experiments not conclusive ; 
they simply show bees can become accustomed to certain colour. 
Recently a lecture was delivered before the Academy of Science 
in Paris on the life of bees by Mr Gaston Bonnier, who said: 
“With respect to the visual powers of bees scientists are not 
agreed, but after a long study of them had noticed that bees were 
not attracted by bright and showy colours, but were evidently 
guided by the scent, which draws them towards those containing 
nectar.’’ This is exactly my opinion on the subject. The an- 
tennae in the worker have twelve separate joints, and near the end 
