A GALLOway STONE-AGE VILLAGE. UE 
the outer ring were almost all vertical, and were as a rule thicker 
than those of the inner ring. The members of the inner ring 
slanted inwards and downwards, forming an inverted hollow 
cone, the top inside diameter of which was 2 feet. The apex of 
the cone—that is, the point towards which the stakes of the ring 
converged—lay slightly to the south of the true centre of the 
circle. 
One of the heaviest piles from this portion of the structure 
was 8 inches in thickness and 2 feet in length. Some of them, 
however, were 3 feet in length, but were of less diameter than 
8 inches. 
The other, or south-east, portion of the wood-work and the 
middle portion formed a structure somewhat platform-like in 
character, and about 4 feet in length by 4 feet in breadth. The 
angles at which the piles lay were noteworthy. 
Close to the rings already described, and all round the edge 
of the structure, the piles were perpendicularly placed. Beyond 
the rings to the south-east, with these exceptions, the piles lay at 
various angles, their tops being towards the south-east end, and 
their feet or tips in the opposite direction. 
This position was accentuated the further the piles were 
situated from the rings. Some pieces of the woodwork at the 
platform-like end of Site No. 3 may have been gradually pressed 
in the course of time from the original positions by the super- 
incumbent material. 
Several small twigs were found lying across the ring portion 
of the structure. These may have been remains of a collapsed 
roof or floor, or of wattle-work fallen from the walls of the pit. 
The platform portion consisted of 28 piles. Adding to these 
the 27 comprising the rings, the total number of piles employed 
in this site was 55. Measuring from a point which was reckoned 
to be the present normal surface of the plantation, that is, from 
a point 1 foot higher than the centre of the surface of the de- 
pressed area, to the lowest point of the substructure was 9 feet 
4 inches. 
THE EXCAVATION OF SITE No. 1. 
This site differed materially only in one respect from its 
neighbours which have been described. The wooden substruc- 
ture consisted of only 23 piles (fig. 4), and appeared to have 
been left half finished. The pit had been anciently excavated 
