Destructive Forest Insects of Dumfriesshire. 267 



Retinia BuoUana (Pine Shoot Tortrix Moth). — With the pre- 

 vious insect the buds were attacked, but this one attacks the 

 young shoots, which become deformed. I have not found this 

 insect but have seen some of the damage done by it. 



Retinia Resinella. — This is another of the same family. The 

 larvfe do damage to the shoots of Scots Pine. They bore into 

 the pith of the shoots, and galls of resin form. In these the larvae 

 pass the winter. In the spring they continue feeding. On open- 

 ing a gall it is found to have two chambers, in one of which the 

 insect pupates. The moth hatches out in May, and each genera- 

 tion extends over two years.^ The front wings of the moth are 

 black-brown with silvery grey markings. 



Hyponomeuta Evonymellus. — One often sees white silky webs 

 on such trees as birdcherry and spindle tree. Inside the web and 

 on the foliage round it are to be seen the larvae of this insect. 

 The damage done is the defoliation of the trees. The moth has 

 silvery white fore-wings with tiny black dots, about 40 in number, 

 arranged in five rows. The hind-wings are dark grey. The 

 moths are very easily hatched out, and are very good subjects for 

 a beginner in entomology. 



Saw Flies or Hymenoptera. 



LopJiynis Pini (Pine Saw Fly). — The larvae of the Pine Saw 

 Fly do great damage to young Scots Pine by eating the leaves, 

 often quite stripping the trees. It is one of the worst enemies of 

 the forester. • There are generally two broods in a year, the first 

 about the beginning of June and the second in the Autumn. The 

 caterpillar is light yellowish-green, with a light brown head, and 

 sometimes has black spots on the body. The female fly is slightly 

 larger than the male, and the colour of her body is a mixture of 

 black and yellow. The wings are transparent. The best remedy 

 is to spray the infested trees with Paris green. Crushing the 

 larvfe with a gloved hand can be done when the trees are not too 

 tall. 



Pontania Salicis. — One often sees the leaves of the Goat 

 Willow skeletonized. This is done by the Willow Saw Fly. The 

 caterpillars are light green and about half-an-inch in length. 



Crcesiis Septentrionalis. — This species is rather common, and 

 feeds on nearly all the soft wooded trees, such as Poplar, Birch, 

 AVillow, etc The larvre are bluish green with a black head and 



