Popular Plant Names. 407 



names for artemisia abrotanum, and the former has been cor- 

 rupted into sutherwood or sidderwud. Other names are boy's 

 love, lad's love, and, one I have not heard used, but which I saw 

 in a newspaper, from the pen of an Exeter writer, is maiden's ruin. 

 Wormwood is familiar enough, but the French "garde robe " is 

 interesting as derived from the uses of the plant to protect clothes 

 from moths. 



The goat's beard, or tragopogon, is not familiar to the 

 people as a whole by name, but I have no recollection of hearing 

 anyone call it what some do, either noon-day flower, star of 

 Jerusalem, Joseph's flower, or that appropriate, if somewhat 

 imperatively stated one, go-to-bed-at-noon, which it has received 

 because it closes at noon. Noon flower is elsewhere applied to 

 the mesembryanthemum. 



The cow has supplied a portion of the names of a good 

 number of plants. Among these we have, of course, the cowslip, 

 the exact origin of which is open to discussion, but a good autho- 

 rity considers it is derived from an old Saxon term. A north of 

 England name for the cowslip is coostropple, "that is the cow's 

 throat or thropple, deeper than the cow's lip." I give this for 

 what it is worth. It has also been called paigle and petty 

 mullein, while a Kentish name was fairy cups. The cowslip of 

 Jerusalem was the common lungwort, pulmonaria officinalis, 

 which has also had such names as sage of Jerusalem, sage of 

 Bethlehem, and wild comfrey. Our common name of lungwort 

 was derived from its spotted leaves being understood to denote 

 that it was a cure for diseased lungs, according to the doctrine of 

 signatures. We all know cow parsnip as the common name of 

 the heracleum, but hogweed is a less familiar one, and cow keeks, 

 and kelks or keeks, although said to be current in the north of 

 England, has never been used in my presence anywhere. The 

 purple clover is called by some cow grass, and it is also called 

 wild sookies and zizzag, but none of these are current with us, I 

 believe. The cowberry is vaccinium vitis idsea, the red whortle 

 berry. 



The cowberry, empetrum nigrum, has a few other names, 

 such as craa crook, and crakeberry, but I have not heard of these 

 in our own locality, and in some parts the lady's fingers, the 

 anthyllis, has the name of crawnebs. 



The violet or heart 's-ease, as represented by wayside and in 



