40 Communion Tokens. 



" appoint some to speak to the Baileys about making a new stamp 

 and carts for tickets." In tlie same minute " the Session appoints 

 new tickets to be made with the penitent's silver marked with this 

 sign, 1588." Five years later, on 9th August, 1593, " the Session 

 allows 50 shillings for .stamping of the tickets of lead." From 

 these extracts it will be sufficiently plain that both cards and 

 tokens were introduced at a \ery early period in the history of our 

 Scottish Reformed Church. The material of which these metal 

 passports were made was most frequently though not always lead. 

 In 1603 the GLASGOW token was tin. A tin token was also in 

 use at KIRKMABRECK. Brass was used at AUCHTERLESS, 

 FETTERESSO, FORGUE, FYVIE, and METHVEN. At 

 CAMPBELLTOWN the token was struck out of thin sheet-iron. 

 Silver tokens were not used in Scotland, but those of CROWN 

 COURT CHAPEL, LONDON, were of that superior metal. 

 Such, too, were the tokens of the Presbyterian Church at 

 CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA, dated 1800. Nickel 

 silver was used at LIVERPOOL by the Shaw Street Reformed 

 Presbyterians. The token of the First R.P. Church of NEW 

 YORK CITY was made of ivory. When the Lord's Supper was 

 first dispensed to the Secession congregation at CERES in 1743 

 the tokens used were pieces of leather. For that occasion 2000 

 were made, about the size of a shilling and with a hole in the 

 centre. Tokens of copper belong almost entirely to the nine 

 teenth century. 



II. — The Token: Its Manuf.-vcture and Design. 



By the necessity of the times the Church of the Reforma- 

 tion in Scotland was no doubt snared into regarding the Sacra- 

 ments too largely as instruments in the Church's discipline. To 

 this fact is due the presence of so much iron among her nobler 

 features. The thoroughness with which she entered into her new 

 discipline may be seen in the habit of appointing elders to give 



brethren. After coramenting on the fact of his being debarred 

 from Communion, he adds, " We went to Mr John Hog to see 

 what was the cause; who told us that the elders had done it 

 without his advice, and thereupon gave out tickets to Mr 

 Thomas Douglas to give to Eathillet, whereupon that great 

 witness for Christ would not accept of it." (Edition by John 

 Howie of Lochgoin, Glasgow, 1780. p. 218.) 



