222 



GLOSSARY. 



Callosity, a smooth protuberance. 



Callus, a deposition of calcareous 

 matter. 



Campanulate, bell-shaped. 



Canaliculated, made like a pipe or 

 gutter. 



Cancellated, longitudinally and 

 transversely ribbed. 



Carinated, having a longitudinal 

 prominence like the keel of a 

 vessel. 



CartUage, a flexible fibrous sub- 

 stance by which the valves are 

 united, situated near the beak. 



Cauda, the elongated base of the 

 venter, lip, and columella. 



Cicatrix, the glossy impression in 

 the inside of the valves, to which 

 the muscles of the animal are 

 affixed. 



Ciliate, edged -nith parallel hairs, 

 bristles or appendages, like the 

 eye-lids. 



Cinereous, of the colour of wood 

 ashes. 



Clavate, club-shaped, thicker to- 

 wards the top, elongated towards 

 the base. 



Cochleae, shells of one piece, uni- 

 valves. 



Cochleate, tvs-isted like a screw or 

 the shell of a snail. 



Columella, the upright pillar in the 

 centre of most of the xmivalve 

 shells. 



Commissure, a joint or seam. 



Comphcated, doubled together. 



Compressed.squeezed together per- 

 pendicularly, in opposition to de- 

 pressed, which is flattened hori- 

 zontally. 



Concamerated, arched over, vault- 

 ed. 



Concamerations, divided into com- 

 partments, as in the Nautili. 



Concave, hollowed out like a bowl. 



Concentric, sm-rounding a centre. 



Conchse, shells consisting of two or 

 more pieces or valves, bivalves, 

 or multivalves. 



Cone, the form of a sugar-loaf. 



Confluent, running together. 



Conoid, a figure like a cone, sugar- 

 loaf-shaped. 



Contorted, tv^isted, or incumbent 

 on each other, in an oblique di- 

 rection. 



Contracted, shortened, shrunk up. 



Convoluted, rolled upon itself, 

 twisted spirally, like a piece of 

 paper rolled between the finger 

 and thumb. 



Cordate, heart-shaped. 



Cordiform, resembling the form ot 

 a heart. 



Coriaceous, of a leather-like con- 

 sistence. 



Corneous, of a horn colour, re- 

 sembling a horn. 



Coronal, relating to the crown or 

 top. 



Coronated, crowned, or girt to- 

 wards the apex. 



Costated, ribbed, having large 

 ribs. 



Coi-pus, the body of the shell, the 

 last or great wTcath in which the 

 aperture is situate. 



Cortex, the anterior skin or epi- 

 dermis. 



Crenulated, notched at the margin, 

 scalloped. 



Crispated, rough with waving lines 

 or curled. 



Cuneiforai, shaped like a wedge. 



Cylindrical, ro\md Uke a cylinder 

 or a roller. 



Cymbiform, boat-shaped. 



D. 



Decorticated, worn, divested of epi- 

 dermis or skin. 



Decussated, generally applied to 

 striae, or lines, which are crossed, 

 or which intersect each other 

 perpendicularly and horizon. 

 taUy. 



Deflexed, bent aside. 



Dentary, of or belonging to the 

 teeth. 



Denticle, a small tooth, such as the 

 tooth of a saw. 



Denticulated, set with small teeth, 

 as in Area. 



Depressed, pressed down horizon- 

 tally, low, shallow, flat. 



Dexter valve, the right valve. 



Diaphanous, transparent, clear, 

 that can be seen through. 



Digitated, fingered or clawed, as 

 in the lobes of the outer lip of 

 the Strombi, &c. 



Disk, the middle part of the valves, 

 or that which lies between the 

 umbo and the margin. 



Divaricated, straddhng, spreading 

 out widely. 



Divergent, tending to various parts 

 or directions from one point. 



Dorsum, the back: it generally 

 means the upper surface of the 

 body of the shell, when laid upon 

 the aperture or opening. In the 

 genera of Patella and Haliotis, 



