GLOSSARY. 



223 



the back means the upper convex 



surface. 

 Dotted, punctured like a thimble. 

 Duplicated, divided into plaits or 



folds. 

 Duplicature, a fold, any thing 



doubled. 



Echinated, bristled like a hedge- 

 hog, set TOth spines. 



Effuse, spread out. 



Elliptical, having the form of an 

 ellipsis. 



Elongated, lengthened, drawn out. 



Emarginate, 1 with the margin or 



Emarginated.3 edge notched. 



Ensifonn, sabre-shaped. 



Entire, whole, uninterrupted, not 

 divided. 



Epidermis, the oiiter coating or 

 scarf skin of the shell. 



Equidistant, being at the same dis- 

 tance. 



Equilateral, having all sides alike. 



Equivalve, having both valves of 

 equal dimensions. 



Exolete, worn or faded. 



Exserted, standing out, protruding. 



Extraneous, not essentially or na- 

 turally forming part of an object. 



Falcated, bent or hooked like a 

 scythe. 



Fascia, a coloured band. 



Fasciated, filleted, or covered mth 

 bands. 



Fascicled, clustered together as in 

 a bundle. 



Fasciculated, consisting of little 

 bundles. 



Fastigiate, flat and even at top. 



Faux, what can be seen of the 

 cavity of the first chamber of 

 the shell, by looking in the aper- 

 ture. 



Ferruginous, of an iron colour, or 

 rust coloured. 



Filament, a slender thread-like 

 process. 



Fihform, thread-shaped, slender 

 and of equal thickness. 



Fimbriated, fringed. 



Fissure, a cleft, a little slit, or nar- 

 row chasm. 



Flexuous, zigzag,with angles gently 

 winding. 



Flexure, a bending. 



Fluviatile, of or belonging to rivers, 

 or to fresh water. 



FoUaceous, consisting of laminte 

 or leaves. 



Foliated, bent into laminae or 

 leaves. 



FornLx, the excavated part under 

 the umbo. It likewise signifies 

 the upper, or convex shell in the 

 Ostrea. 



Fragile, brittle, easily broken. 



Front, in univalves, ^vhen the aper- 

 ture is turned towards the ob- 

 server. 



Furcated, forked. 



Furrow, a smaU trench or hollow. 



Fuscated, darkened, obscured. 



Fusiform, spindle-shaped, inter- 

 mediate between the conical and 

 oval. 



G. 



Gap, or gape, an opening in bi- 

 valves when the valves are shut, 

 as in the Pholades, Myoe, «fec. 



Gaping, opening widely. 



Geminated, marked with a double 

 elevated stria connecting the 

 wreathes. 



Geniculate, keeled. 



Genus, an assemblage of species 

 possessing certain characters in 

 common, by which they are dis- 

 tinguished from aU others. 



Genera, the plural of genus. 



Gibbous, bulged or bulging. 



Glabrous, smooth, having a smooth 

 surface. 



Globose, globular. 



Granulated,beaded, in small grains 

 or beads. 



Groove, a hollow channel. 



H. 



Hemispherical, in the shape of a 

 half globe. 



Hirsute, rough, beset with strong 

 hairs. 



Heteroclitical, synonymous with 

 heterostrophe. 



Heterostrophe, reversed, applied to 

 shells whose spires turn in a con- 

 trary direction to the usual way. 



Hispid, with stiflf hairs. 



I k J. 



Jagged,denticulated,uneven,tooth. 

 ed like a saw. 



