72 VEGETATION OF THE PEAK DISTRICT [CH. 
1. Marshy places. In marshy places, which occur in 
the ash woods by stream sides, at the bottoms of some of 
the streamless dales, and in places where springs arise, such 
moisture-loving plants as the following occur, in addition to 
such indigenous trees as the ash, the alder, and the crack 
willow :— 
Trollius europaeus (local) Valeriana officinalis 
Caltha palustris Petasites ovatus 
Spiraea Ulmaria Cnicus heterophyllus 
Geum rivale Phragmites communis 
G. rivale x urbanum Phalaris arundinacea 
Epilobium hirsutum Scirpus compressus (rare) 
Myosotis palustris Sparganium ramosum 
Mentha aquatica Orchis maculata 
2. Damp places. Other parts of the ash woods although 
not really marshy, are nearly always very moist; and such 
places, like similar ones in the oak woods, have a rich and 
varied ground flora. The trees are here usually well grown; 
and the wych elm is frequently abundant (see figure 10). 
Sheets of wood-garlic (Allium ursinum) and of the lesser celan- 
dine (Ranunculus Ficaria) are characteristic. The following is 
a selected list of the ground species of such parts of the ash 
woods :— 
Nephrodium Filix-mas V. dioica (local) 
Lychnis dioica Campanula latifolia (local) 
Anemone nemorosa Cnicus palustris 
Ranunculus Ficaria C. heterophyllus (local) 
Trollius europaeus (local) Deschampsia caespitosa 
Aquilegia vulgaris (local) Bromus ramosus 
Fragaria vesca Triticum caninum (local) 
Geum rivale Hordeum europaeum 
G. rivale x urbanum (=H. sylvaticum) (local) 
Oxalis Acetosella Carex sylvatica 
Polemonium coeruleum (local) Arum maculatum 
Myosotis sylvatica Allium ursinum 
Lamium Galeobdolon Orchis maculata 
Asperula odorata Habenaria virescens 
Valeriana officinalis (=H. chloroleuca) (local) 
3. Dry places. On soils which are drier than the pre- 
ceding, and which, during the summer months, may in fact 
become temporarily very dry, expanses of dog’s mercury (Mer- 
curialis perennis) often occur; and this plant is here frequently 
associated with the tiny moschatel (Adoxa Moschatellina). At 
