112 VEGETATION OF THE PEAK DISTRICT [cH. 
Lathyrus montana Crepis virens 
Polygala serpyllacea Hieracium Pilosella 
Hypericum pulchrum Anthoxanthum odoratum 
Viola lutea (local) Briza media 
Veronica officinalis Carex flacca 
Euphrasia officinalis (agg.) C. binervis 
Plantago lanceolata C. pilulifera 
Galium saxatile Juncus squarrosus 
Campanula rotundifolia Luzula erecta 
Mixed Siliceous Grassland 
Bordering on the upper limits of the cultivated land on 
rough escarpments of the cloughs, and on the outskirts of 
woods, a type of siliceous pasture occurs which is much 
richer in associated species than the Nardetum just described. 
The type of siliceous pasture here referred to is found usually 
at altitudes below 1000 feet (805 m.), is frequently fenced, and, 
to some extent, is grazed over by cattle; but it is probable that 
it has never been ploughed or ER Many of the species 
are of local occurrence, and probably represent the remains of a 
primitive flora which flourished in the open spaces of the 
aboriginal woods at comparatively low altitudes. The flora of 
this association has been given by Crump (1904: xli) and by 
Smith and Moss (1903: 385), so far as the Leeds and Halifax 
district 1s concerned. | 
The following list illustrates the wealth in species of this 
type of siliceous grassland :— 
Botrychium Lunaria lo |} Quercus sessiliflora (dwarfed)} 1 
Ophioglossum vulgatum la || Rumex Acetosa ) 
Pteris aquilina r to la} R. Acetosella la 
Blechnum spicant ) Ranunculus acris ) 
Nephrodium montanum lo || R. bulbosus r too 
Salix caprea r to o || Cerastium vulgatum ] 
S. caprea x cinerea r Stellaria graminea ) 
S. aurita lo to la|} Prunus spinosa la 
S. aurita x caprea r Rubus fruticosus (agg.) la 
S. aurita x cinerea r to lo || Potentilla erecta o toa 
S. cinerea la P. procumbens ¥ 
S. repens r P. erecta x procumbens r 
Betula pubescens (dwarfed) l Alchemilla vulgaris (agg.) |r too 
forma denudata (dwarfed) ] Rosa canina Oa ee 
Corylus Avellana ] R. tomentosa r 
