SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE HYMENOMYCETES. 179 
these two plants, that they may be more generally dis- 
criminated, I may add that phalloides is one of the 
most poisonous species, and mappa is probably equally 
dangerous. 
Everyone knows Amanita rubescens, one of our 
commonest fungi in woods. But there is another that is 
very like it and generally overlooked —Amanita spissus. For 
several years I passed it over for rubescens, but the flesh 
of spissus does not redden when broken, and the stem is 
destitute of the reddish marks which the stem of rubescens 
generally shows; it is harder and more solid, with a turnip- 
shaped base, and the pileus is cinereous and warty from 
the veil. It is not infrequent, and is easily recognised when 
once it is known. 
Another Amanita to be looked for is pantherinus, which 
also is not unlike in general appearance to rubescens, but has 
as its distinctive mark a volva with an obtuse edge, which 
clasps the lower part of the stem like a greave or stocking. 
I need say nothing more about these Amanitx, except that 
there seems reason to regard the two forms of vaginatus- 
livida and spadicea as both worthy of specific rank. It 
would be worth while to take note of these and to compare 
them together. 
We may pass over the subgenus Zepiota, several species 
of which are frequent, as procerus and rachodes, and a few 
very common, as eristatus, granulosus, carcharias and amian- 
thinus, while most of them are rare. We may pass over 
the Armillariz too, only one of which—melleus—is common, 
though I have seen at Inveraray mucidus growing in great 
profusion and beauty, running up the branches of old beech- 
trees, of an exquisite pellucid whiteness, a sight never to be 
forgotten. There are only nine British Armillaria altogether ; 
and these two with the rare bulbosus and robustus are the 
only ones I am acquainted with. 
Coming to the Tricholomata, we find in that subgenus 
about 70 spp., mostly large and handsome, all growing on 
the ground. I can mention here only a few of them. The 
very first on the list—equestris—is rare in England, and in the 
west of Scotland too, so far as my experience goes, but I 
used to find it every year in some quantity in Roxburgh- 
