ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF MAMMALIA IN EUROPE. 219 
north, it has now become rare in Europe. The smallest and 
most beautiful form, the Southern Lynx (Felis pardina), is 
still to be found in Spain and Sardinia, if not in Sicily and 
the southern parts of the Balkan Peninsula, but nothing is 
known either of its habits or of its precise habitat. The 
typical form, Felis lynx, was once diffused over the greater 
part of the Continent, but now lingers only in the mountains 
of the great central system and in the vast forests of Scan- 
dinavia and Russia. According to Langkavel, the Lynx dis- 
appeared in Central Germany about the year 1820. One 
was killed in the Gotha district of the Thiiringerwald in 
1819, but stragglers from Russia occasionally appeared in 
East and West Prussia until fifty years after this date. In 
Germany, as elsewhere, ignorant sportsmen have often con- 
founded the Lynx with the Wild Cat; but a real example of 
Felis lynz was recorded from Wiirttemberg in 1846. About 
the beginning of the century these animals were far from 
uncommon in Southern Bavaria. Two foresters, father and 
son, killed thirty between the years 1790 and 1838, but the 
examples captured in Bavaria in 1852 and 1872 are generally 
believed to have been stragglers from Austria. Lynxes may 
still linger in the Fichtelgebirge and the Bohmerwald ; one 
was killed in the last-mentioned region as recently as 1890, 
and the animal’s name still occurs in the game-lists of the 
Tyrol. In 1865 a fine specimen was killed in the Department 
Puy de Dome in the Auvergne region; but records from 
the Abruzzi and other parts of the Apennines are difficult to 
obtain and not always reliable. Statistics recently published 
show that lynxes are still rather common in Austria. In 
the Cis-leithan provinces alone 31 were taken in 1892, 30 in 
1893, 32 in 1894, 45 in 1895, and again 45 in 1896. In 
Transylvania, where exceptionally fine specimens are reported 
to exist, from 6 to 8 are regularly killed annually; but in 
Hungary, as in Russia, their occurrence is too common to 
require mention. In some parts of Austria the Lynx, like 
all other important beasts of prey with the fortunate excep- 
tion of the wolf, would seem to be at least holding its 
ground; for in 1898, 30 head were killed in Galicia and 9 in 
Bukowina. In Norway lynxes are less frequently encoun- 
