126 DR ROBERT MUNRO ON 
(3) The Terremare of Italy. (Karly Bronze Age.) 
(4) Terp-Mounds of Holland. (Roman and post-Roman 
times. ) 
(5) A Kitchen-Midden near Elie. (Romano-British period.) 
I. DANISH KJOKKENMODDINGS. 
Various shell-heaps scattered along the sea-coasts were: 
long known in Denmark, but, being regarded as raised 
beaches, they attracted little attention till they were dis- 
covered to be artificial and to contain relics of human 
industry. Consequently a Committee, consisting of the 
late MM. Forchammer, Worsiie, and Steenstrup, three 
distinguished representatives of Geology, Archeology, and 
Biology, was appointed in 1850 to examine them. They 
had scarcely commenced their labours when it became 
apparent that these deposits were the culinary débris of a 
population who lived in the Stone Age, and fed largely 
on shell-fish and such animals as could be procured by 
hunting. Hence they became known under the name of 
Kjokkenmiddings—i.e. (Anglicé), Kitchen-middens. 
Over 150 of these refuse-heaps are known in Denmark, 
of which about 40 were more or less excavated by the 
Committee. They are mostly distributed along the shores 
of the numerous fiords which intersect the country. In 
Sealand all the examples are on the Ise-fiord, where about. 
a dozen have been noted chiefly along its inland reaches. 
But the greatest number have been found in North Jutland 
—four being on the Lim-fiord at considerable distances from 
each other, and nine on the beautiful Mariager-fiord grouped 
together about its middle third. The stations of Meilgaard, 
Fannerup, and Kalievig are located within a peninsula 
formed by the sea and fiord of Randers, which embraces 
some of the finest wood scenery in Jutland. In some 
instances the shell-heaps are situated several miles inland, 
but in such cases there is good reason to believe that 
formerly the sea extended to these localities. The site of 
the one at Fannerup, now some 10 miles from the sea, is 
on the border of a flat district, known within historical 
