189 g-1900. | Splashes. 93 
slate and ripple are formed. 6, The column again emerges, 
and behaves as before. The series terminates at this point. 
(See Plates V.-VII., Series 1.) 
IL. A liquid drop falling 100 centimetres into liquid. 
The initial stage of the phenomenon is the same as in I, 
tangled with the bubble, producing a confused mass of liquid. 
(See Plate VII., Series 2, and Plate VIII, Series 3.) 
Solid spheres lind ae liquid.—In this case considerable 
difference was observed between the phenomena when the 
III. Rough sphere falling 15 centimetres into liquid—When 
the sphere enters the surface the liquid appears to be repelled 
from it. The initial stages are similar to 1 and 2 of Series I. ; 
jut subsequently, in place of the thick column, a thin thread 
of liquid is squirted to a considerable height. Much air is 
taken down. (See Plate IX., Series 4, showing what happens 
9 the sphere under water.) 
IV. Smooth sphere falling 60 centimetres into liquid.—Here 
the liquid clings to the sphere, and even runs up it, closing 
over it before it is all below the original surface of the liquid. 
The phenomenon is quite silent, and no air is taken down as 
in Series III. The surface of the liquid is left smooth, and 
hen out of it rises an unsymmetrical column of liquid. (See 
Plate X., Series 5.) 
Then experiments were described which were undertaken 
vith a view to determining the reason for the differences 
between Series III. and IV.; the conclusion being that the 
‘rough” phenomenon is due re the presence of dust and pro- 
jections on the surface of the sphere, which allow the uprush- 
ing liquid to get free from the molecular attraction of the 
solid surface and rush off at a tangent. 
4 In conclusion, there was shown a "photograph of the effect 
of a shot on a steel armour-plate, and attention was drawn to 
the petority with a liquid splash. Bul information can be 
_ found in the ‘ Philosophical Transactions’ of the Royal Society 
~ (London)—vol. 189 (1897), pp. 137-148; vol. 194 (1900), 
pp. 175-200. 
