IIO ECHINOIDEA. II. 



of S. fragilis dredged off our eastern coa.st, the anal fasciole disappears first, leaving only a part of the 

 lateral fasciole extending from the peripetalous fasciole towards the anal system . On all the nnnierous 

 speciiiiens of S. fragilis, I have exaniined, I have found the anal fasciole distinct, whereas the lateral 

 fasciole is more or less nidimentary in a few (3) specimens from St. 32. In two of these specimens the 

 lateral fasciole is quite wanting on the one side, only partly distinct, not reaching the peripetalous 

 fasciole, on the other side; on the third specimen it is wanting on both sides, only the anal part 

 remaining distinct. Piut .specimens without the anal part of the fasciole I have never seen; my 

 experiences thus are not in accordance with those of Agassiz. Evidently the .specimens without the 

 anal part of the fasciole deserve to be reexamined; it is not impossible that they will prove to belong 

 to another species. (Comp. Hcmiastcr zonahts, p. 105). 



The pedicellariæ of Sch. fragilis were until recently almost quite unknown. Agassiz (Revision 

 of Ech. PI. XXVI. Fig. 42) figures a valve of a pedicellaria, which he finds (p. 666) resembling the 

 gemmiform type of the Echinidæ (in the explanation of piates cailed .stout-headed pedicellaria ); it 

 is the rostrate form. The trideutate pedicellariæ were seen by Koehler (Op. cit), who only states 

 that they are of the usual form. Lastly, however. Professor Doderlein (Op. cit.) has given very im- 

 portant information on all the pedicellariæ (except the ophicephalous) of this species and of most of 

 the other recent species of Schizastcr. My ovvn observations, which were made about two years before 

 Professor Doderlein' s work was published, agree almost completely with his. Having, however, several 

 additional remarks to make, I may give my original description almost unaltered; likewi.se I give most 

 of the figures of pedicellariæ made at that time. The figures given by Doderlein are, of course, 

 quite correct, being photographs; but several important details are not seen, so that my figures will 

 probably not be found superfluous. 



The globiferous pedicellariæ (PI. XIV. Figs. 14, 16, 24, 51) are rather conspicuous. The valves are 

 enclosed by a thick, evidently glandular coat of skin, which continues down over the upper part of 

 the stalk, covering the great muscles which go from the valves to a thickening of the stalk, a little 

 above the niiddle. Also at the lower end of the stalk there is a generally less distinct thickening for 

 the fastening of the basal muscle. The stalk is ratlier thick and compact; the head rests directly upon 

 the rouuded upper end of the stalk. The valves are very characteristic (PI. XIV. Figs. 14, 16). As in 

 the globiferous pedicellariæ of the Cidarids there is a large space in the interior of the valves, pro- 

 bably enclosing a poison gland, passing far down into the basal part, almost to the articular surface. 

 ■The opening of this space is at the point of the valve at the base of the single rather large and 

 compressed endtooth; the opening may be at its right or left side indifferentl)-, that side with the 

 opening being somewhat hollowed. Very seldom abnormal globiferous pedicellariæ occur, whose valves 

 end in two diverging teeth between which the opening lies (PI. XIV. Fig. 24) ; sometimes pedicellariæ 

 are found in which one of the valves ends in two teeth, the others in the usual way. Generally these 

 pedicellariæ are strongly pigmented, often almost black, and, where they occur in greater numbers, 

 very conspicuous. They may be very numerous especially on the anal area, on the abactinal side in 

 the posterior interambulacnnn and along the petals; on the actiual side they are very seldom found. 

 I have found them in specimens of only ca. 4'"'" length. They differ rather much in size, the thick 

 part (head and upper part of the stalk) reaching about i™™ length. 



