136 



ECHINOIDEA. II. 



being very narrow. As is nsual the blade is siniply deepened, the edge thick and rather strongly ser- 

 rate; the lowermost arc has a small prolongation in the middle. 



The triphyllous pedicellariæ (PI. XVI. Fig. 26) have only a few serrations in the edge at the 

 lower end of the blade, a remarkable difference from Ech. cordaium (comp. below, p. 146). It is evidently 

 this form which is figured by Koehler (Rech. s. 1. Ech. de Provence. PI. VII. 57); bnt the valves are 

 there represented as being dentate along their whole edge, which is scarcely correct — at least I ha\-e 

 never seen them so. 



This species does not generally reach a large size, in which respect it differs from Ech. pcniia- 

 tijidum. One of the specimens before me, however, has a length of 54""" («M. Sars?. 4 — 5 miles S. E. 

 of Svino, Faroe Isl., 50 — 60 fathoms). Sars (Norges Echinod.) describes the curions monstrosities which 

 occur among the specimens of this species (as also in Spat. pnrpitrciis and Bn'ssopsis lyriferd). I give 

 here some figures of such remarkable monstrosities (PI. II. Figs. 2, 10). — On several of the specimens 

 from the dngolf? St. 6 some Ostracods were foimd between the spines; (parasitic?). 



By the «Ingolff' this species was taken at the following stations: 



St. 6 (63° 43' Lat. N. 14° 34' Long. W. 90 fathoms j'^^oC. Bottom temp.) 28 specimens. 



— 86 (65° 03' - 23° 47' - 76 - ? - - ) 7 



— 87 (65° 02' — 23° 56' — iio — ? — — ) 10 — 



— 98 (65° 38' — 26° 27' — 138 — 5°9 — — ) ■ I — 

 -129 (66° 35' - 23° 47' _ 117 _ 6°5 - _ ) I _ 



The geographical distribntion is from the Coast of Northern Norway and South of Iceland to 

 the Mediterranean and the Azores; the bathymetrical distribntion is ca. 5 — 150 fathoms. 



Specimens from the Mediterranean and the Azores I have not seen; it seems, however, certain 

 that not all the Mediterranean specimens referred to Ech. flavcscens are really this sjDecies. Thus 

 G as c o (Op. cit.) points out that in his specimens primary tubercles are found only along the horders 

 of the anterior ambulacrum. This recalls the figure 10, PI. 4 of Koehler (Echinocard. de la Méditerr.), 

 in which likewise no large tubercles occur except along the anterior ambulacrum. Adding hereto the 

 faet that pedicellariæ such as those figured by Koehler (Op. cit. PL 4. Figs. 12, 13) have not been met 

 with in any of the numerous specimens of flavescens examined, but in some specimens of a distinct species 

 described below. p. 142—4 (sub Echinocardium pennatifidmn\ it will probably not be held too hazardous, 

 when I venture to suggest that at least not all the specimens of v.Ech. Jiavescens» from the Mediter- 

 ranean are really that species. 



Ech. flavescens is further stated to occur on the American side of the Atlantic and at the Cape 

 of Good Hope, but tliese statements evidently need a renewed examination. I have myself not seen 

 any American specimens, but in view of the results obtained by the examination of the American 

 specimens of i-Spafangus purpurejisi> and <iBrissopsis lyri/era>y, I think it not too hardy if I venture to 

 say that the American Echinocardium flavescens might also well deserve a renewed careful examina- 

 tion in the light of the characters pointed out for the Echinocarditim-speci&s by Koehler and myself. 

 The description and figures in «Revis. of Echini.» do not speak against the identity, but tliey are not 

 sufficiently detailed for proving definitely that the American form is really Ech. flavescens, and in the 

 description there is oue point which is not in accordance with i\yQ. flavescens of our seas, \iz. that the 



