ECHINOIDEA. II. 145 



32. Echinocardium cordatum (Penn.). 



PI. XVI. Fig. 21. PI. XVII. Figs. 15, 21 — 23, 30, 34, 37—3*^. 43. 4S— 49- 



Principal Synonyms: Spa fangus aratariiis Lnik. 

 EcJiinocardium Sebæ Gray. 

 Aiuphidchis cordahis F~orbes, etc. 

 — Kiirtzii Gir. 



Principal literatnre: Pennant: British Zoolog-j-. 1777. IV. p. 69. PI. XXXIV. Fig. 75. — Leske: 

 Additamenta ad Kleinii Nat. Di.sp. Echinod. p. 230. Tab. XXIV. c. d. e. Tab. XXXVIII. 5. — Abildgaard: 

 Zoologia Danica. III. p. 17. Tab. XCI. (Spat. flavescens* — non Miill.) — Lamarck: Animanx sans 

 vertébres. 1816. III. p. 32. — Forbes: British Starfishes. p. 190. — Diiben & Koren: Skandin. Echi- 

 nodermer. p. 285. — Agassiz & Desor: Catalogue raisonné. p. 117. PI. XVI. 8. — Gray: Catalogue 

 of recent F;chinida. p. 43. — Joh. Muller: Bau d. Echinodermen. p. 29. Taf. III. Fig. 3—5. — Desor: 

 Synopsis des Échinides fossile.s. p. 407. PL XLIII. Fig. 4—5. — Sars: Norges Ech. p. 97. — Agassiz: 

 Revision of Echini. p. 109, 349. PI. XIX. 10—17, XX. 5—7, XXV. 27—28. — Loven: Etudes s. 1. Échi- 

 noidées. PI. I. 2-7, III. 38, XII. 107, XXXIX. 222— 226. On Pourtalesia. PI. VIIL 57— 58, XL 120— 126, 

 XII. 148. — Koehler: Rech. s. les Échinides d. cotes de Provence, p. 130. — (230) p- 473. — Bell: Cat. 

 Brit. Echinoderms. p. 169. PI. XVL 1—4. — Hoyle: Revised List Brit. Echinoidea. p. 427. — Grieg: 

 Nordlige Norges Echinodermer. p. 33. — Doderlein: Arktische Seeigel. Fauna arctica. IV. p. 384. — 



Stanley W. Kemp: Echinoderms of Ballynakill Ann. Rep. Fish. Ireland. 1902 — 3. Pt. II. App. VI. 



(1905) p. 182. 



For other literary references I may refer to the «Revision of Echini» and to Professor Bell' s 

 Catalogue. 



This species has been so often described and is so well known that I find very little to re- 

 mark except on the pedicellariæ and the postlarval development. — Regarding structural features of 

 the test it may be noticed that the labrum reaches the second adjoining ambulacral piates, viz. a 

 narrow forward prolongation of the latter. Three or four ambulacral piates reach within the subanal 

 fasciole, two or three pairs of pores being included ( — in the specimens from the Danish Seas there 

 are, almost without any exception, only two pairs of pores included — ). The periproct varies greatly 

 in shape (Figs. 24. «— c); generally it is transverse-oval, but it may also be found more or less elongate, 

 sometimes (in specimens from Roscoff) even very elongate and narrow, like that of Ech. iiirdifcrra- 

 vcuni. It may also be pointed out that in the auterior interambulacra there are several larger tubercles 

 scattered on the 2 — 3 vertical piates just beyond the ambitus; also in the lateral interambulacra there 

 are a few larger tubercles on a pair of the piates just above the ambitus, but only in the auterior 

 series, at the edge of the ambulacrum. This feature, which is distinct already in specimens of ca. 13""" 

 length, is one more good distinguishing character from iiicditcrraiicitiii, in which species such larger 

 tubercles are not found beyoud the ambitus. 



The spicules, especially those very peculiar large ones below the disk of the tube-feet have 

 been carefully described and figured by Loven; I have nothing to add. — The pedicellariæ, on the 

 other hånd, need a more close examination, a tridentate pedicellaria alone having been figured by 



The Ing-oIf-Expedition. I\'. 2. Ig 



