ANNELIDA. 103 



Sars, which often distends the stomachs of large cod, to the 

 smaller Nereis pelagica and N. cultrifera) are universally 

 eaten. The somewhat uninviting Trophonia plumosa some- 

 times forms the sole food in the stomachs of large haddocks, 

 many hundreds occurring in a single fish. Owenia filiformis, 

 with its gravelly tubes, is a favourite diet of the same fish, 

 and of cod and flounders. The Terebelliche and their sandy 

 tubes are also largely devoured ; and even Serpulidre are not 

 passed by. Moreover, in their young or larval forms they 

 constitute an important element in the food of the herring and 

 other fishes that feed near the surface of the water. 



Many of the annelids of St. Andrews ai - e common to the 

 whole British area ; but some have not yet been found in other 

 parts of our seas : as this, however, is probably due to a larger 

 amount of attention having been directed to the locality, we 

 shall not at present particularize. 



The fauna at St. Andrews is distinguished, as far as our 

 present knowledge extends, from the Zetlandic by the absence 

 of such striking forms as Lcetmonice, Panthalis, Nothria 

 conchylega, Terebella nebulosa, Pista cristata, Trichobranchus 

 glacialis, and Ditrypa arietina • from that of the western 

 regions by the absence of Spinther, Lepidonotus clava, Poly- 

 noe scolopendrina, Ophiodromus vittatus, Gattiola spectabilis, 

 Terebella nebulosa, and Pista cristata • and of the southern 

 types we miss Euphrosyne, Hermione, Polynoe areolata, Nereis 

 Marionii, Lysidice ninetta, the Eunicidaj, the abundance 

 of the Cha3topterida3, Sabellaria alveolata, Leprcea textrix } 

 Sabella saxicava, Protula, and Filigrana between tide-marks. 

 The great preponderance of Polynoe fioccosa in the soutli is 

 also an interesting feature. 



Amongst the annelids that, besides other very common 

 forms, abound at St. Andrews, and therefore most characteristic 

 of it, are Sigalion Mathildce, Sihenelais limicola, Phyllodoce 

 laminosa, P. groenlandica, Nereis cultrifera, Alittavirens, Auto- 

 lytus pictus, Aricia Cuvieri, Ophelia limacina, Trophonia plu- 

 mosa, Nerine foliosa, Poly dor a ciliata, Capitella capitata, 

 Sabellaria spinulosa, Pectinaria belgica, Lanice conchilega, 

 Sabella pavonia, and Branchiomma vesiculosum. 



Some of the phosphorescent forms at St. Andrews have 



