1905-1906.] Scottish Mountain Plants. 253 



also lowland plants, as Dandelion. The charming Alpine 

 Forget-me-not (Myosotis alpestris) is famous. Among other 

 plants, the Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia), which ascends 

 high, and the distinct Bartsia alpina, may be mentioned. The 

 Scottish Asphodel (Tofieldia palustris) and the Bog Asphodel 

 (Narthecium ossifragum) are the only liliaceous plants found 

 on Scottish moors and mountains. 



Grasses, Sedges, and Bushes. — These frequently occur from 

 the base to the summit of high mountains, but are some- 

 times very scarce, or even absent, where the rock is of a 

 hard, uncrumbling nature. Eepresentatives of various genera 

 are seen, and frequently the lowland species ascend high, 

 forming with the mountain grasses, &c., a turf which is 

 dotted with both lowland and typically mountain species of 

 other Orders. Viviparous forms are not infrequent among 

 mountain grasses. In some instances a single species may 

 form an almost exclusive covering. Juncus squarrosus, one 

 of the Rushes, and ISTardus stricta, the Mat-weed grass, are 

 examples of such monopolists. Many of the scarcer Sedges 

 (Carices), and also certain species of Eush (Juncus), are found 

 only on wet ground at high altitudes. Luzula arcuata is 

 confined to the area near the summits of some of our 

 highest mountains. Alpine grasses have usually shorter 

 leaves than lowland species. 



Ferns. — The Mountain Fern (Nephrodium montanum), with 

 fragrant fronds, is especially noticeable on the banks of many 

 mountain streams. Polypodium alpestre is found near 

 streams in certain districts. Many ferns are partial to rocky 

 places in alpine districts. The Holly Fern, Aspidium (Poly- 

 stichum) Lonchitis, is usually associated with large rocks and 

 boulders, while Asplenium viride likes moist and shaded 

 mossy places. Woodsia hyperborea and W. ilvensis, also 

 Cystopteris montana, are rare in Scotland. The Parsley Fern 

 (Cryptogramme crispa or Allosorus crispus) is partial to 

 loose stony places. The Bracken (Pteris aquilina) is usually 

 abundant on the lower slopes, and before it disappears is 

 very dwarfed. 



Lyeopodmms. — Two of the Club Mosses — Lycopodium 

 clavatum and the rarer L. annotinum — are conspicuous plants, 

 their trailing shoots covering; a considerable area amons 



