190 



stream until a large portion of our islam! was Tnn-ied under it, 

 Avhile on the Continent it extended to tlie central German ranges. 

 It brought, embedded within the ice-mass, fragments of rock 

 derived from every tract across Avhich it had ploughed, and, when 

 it reached the greatest southern extension j'ermitted to it for the 

 time, dumped them down in a muddled mass to serve as a puzzle 

 to the unlearned generations, but to act as eloquent recounters of 

 glacial history to twentieth century scientists. 



Of the glacial rocks occurring at Ingleby, on which I reported 

 in 1887 and 1888, a considerable number were traceable to the 

 Cheviot Hills, and others to the Lake District and Teesdale. 

 Rocks which have travelled from Scandinavia are frequently found 

 in the glacial drift on the Yorkshire Coast, especially south of 

 Whitby, and one day wlien I was on the hills above Lockwood 

 (Stanghow jMoor), with some members of the Yorkshire Geological 

 and Polytechnic Society, my friend, ]Mr. J. W. Stather, of Hull, 

 found a specimen of Scandinavian rhomb-porphyry in boulder clay 

 at an altitude of 810 feet above sea-level. 



Mr. Kendall recognises in the area three groups of erratics, 

 coming respectively from the west, the north and the east. The 

 basin of the Irish Sea being full of ice, there was a pressure 

 eastwards uj) the Solway Firth, and the ice pressing in here was 

 joined by a stream from the southern Uplands of Scotland, and 

 another from the Lake District, so that it filled the Yale of Eden 

 until it overflowed in two streams — one over the Tyne watershed 

 into [Northumberland, and anuther over Stainmore into Teesdale. 

 This latter, charged with Shaj) Granite and other Lake Country 

 rocks, reached the mouth of the Tees, and possibly left its 

 terminal moraine on what is kmnvn as the " Rough Ground," a 

 few miles out to sea from Tees-mouth. 



In his memoir on JS^orth Cleveland, Mr. Geo. Barrow stated 

 that at Hob Hill, near Saltburn, when the lower boulder clay was 

 cleared away, " the Ironstone was found to be deeply grooved, the 

 direction of these hollows running roughly N.W. and S.E ,"'" and 

 that, "as a rule, Avhen the clay is thin it is so largely made up of 

 the underlying rock, or the rocks a little to the west, that their 

 nature can be at once inferred "'-' These two observations of Mr. 

 Barrow, taken in conjunction with the fact that Shap (Granite has 

 been found in situ in the lower boidder clay at Whitby and 

 Robin Hood's Bay, led Mr. Kendall to the conclusion that the 



(1) Mem. on "The Oeology ofXorth Cleveland," p. 66. 



(2) Op. cit. 65. 



