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liesides the glacial M^ater ■which found its way into the Lake- 

 Eskdale system of drainage there was an escape through Scartli 

 Nick, and, as I have already indicated, also one from the Ingleby 

 Greenhow neighbourhood into Bilsdale. Of similar escapes in the 

 Robin Hood's Bay area I cannot now speak, as the locality is 

 outside Cleveland proper. 



Much might lie said regarding deltaic and limneal 

 accumulations, shore scarps and benches, and the varied 

 phenomena of glacial erosion and deposition. But for further 

 information regarding these matters, and for the detailed 

 evidence on Avhich the various conclusions are based, I must 

 refer my reader to Mr. Kendall's most valuable and illuminating 

 Paper. It only remains for me to point out the scenic influence 

 exercised by the visit of the glacial conditions. 



As the glacial deposits do not usually reach a greater altitude 

 than 7C0 or 800 feet, the higher moorlands were little affected. 

 But we must bear in mind that the time would be one of scanty 

 vegetation, and the moor-tops would be subject to the influence of 

 keen frosts, which would disintegrate the exposed rock, and that 

 much snow would accumulate and remain during the greater part 

 of the year, and when it melted there would be floods which 

 would actively denude. 



On the lower grounds the visit of the ice effected a very 

 remarkable change. The old stream valleys were filled in Avith 

 moraine stuff; mounds of sand and gravel were piled up; channels 

 were cut across spurs and through watersheds ; moor-banks were 

 undermined by the swirl of waters, and huge slips occurred such 

 as we should not expect to find if the process of denudation had 

 been normal. 



When the ice finally retreated, though the process was 

 doubtless a very gradual one, there would be a scene of comparative 

 desolation. Numerous ]iools would be left dotted over the face 

 of the lower grounds. These Nature would presently set herself 

 to get rid of. This she would do in two ways — by drainage and 

 by in-filling. An overflowing pool would cut a channel at the 

 point of overflow which would tend to deejjen, and which might 

 soon become sufficiently deep to drain off the pool. If the pool 

 or lakelet were in the course of a stream, a deep gorge might be 

 formed l.iy the flow of water, such as we get in the course of the 

 Leven at Kildale, and if it cut down to hard bands of rock, 

 waterfalls might be formed such as that which exists in the 

 Kildale gorge, and which are usually a mark of comparatively new 



