233 



columnans I have noticed in various parts of Cleveland as near 

 Staithes, and particularly at Rudd Scar, Ingleby Greenhow, where 

 fine steins from one to two feet or more in length used to be visible 

 still in the upright p(jsition in which they grew. WilUamsonia 

 iwcten I have obtained froui the Upleatham quarry, from Blue Mells, 

 Ingleby Greenhow, and from Ewe Crag Slack, Danby. The last 

 mentioned specimen was in glacially trans[)orted material, but was 

 pretty certainly local. I have a specimen of WiUiainxonia gdjU)^ 

 which was given to me on his death-bed by my old friend the late 

 John Watson, Parish Clerk at Ingleby for some fifty years. It 

 doubtless canre from the immediate neighbourliood of Ingleby. A 

 specimen of Tomioj)feri>^ from the Kildale quarry occurs on a stone 

 built into a wall in the village of Kildale. There are many fossil 

 plants including portions of trees more than a foot in diameter in 

 the Lower Oolitic shales and sandstones on Carlton Bank. 



Before bringing this paper to a conclusion it may be 

 well to summarise the conclusions arrived at by Mr. Seward 

 in his paper " on the Occurrence of Dictyozamites in England, 

 with Remarks on European and Eastern Mesozoic Floras." 

 Three species of Dicfijozainites are now known, all of which 

 occur in Jurassic rocks, viz., D. falratux from the Rajmahal 

 Series of India, two varieties of this (var. diKtanx and var. 

 (jrosdnerciii) from Central Japan, D. Johnxtnqn from Bornholm, 

 and 1). Hairelli from Marske. The genus has in the past 

 sometimes been classed with the ferns, and sometimes with the 

 cycads. In the absence of reproductive organs it is impossil)le to 

 be certain of its affinities. As the reproductive organs of Williain- 

 sonia are now known we are certain that it was a cycad. Didy- 

 ozaridtex is one of several genera the pinnate fronds of which have 

 a general resemblance to those of Williainmnia, and which we may, 

 pending the disco\ery of their reproductive organs, class as Cycwlo- 

 2>liyfe><. 



Mr. Seward goes on to discuss the striking similarity between 

 the Floras of the East and West during the Jurassic times. He sliows 

 that several genera and species which are entirely or almost 

 identical have received names entirely difi'erent in ditlerent areas, 

 and that consequently the general resemblance between widely 

 separated Floras has been in large measure obscured. He reaches 

 the conclusion that " the character of the vegetation of the world 

 from the Upper Triassic Period to the AVealden seems to have been 

 remarkably imiform and constant in its main features," and observes 

 that " the marked contrast exhibited by tlie Palaeozoic vegetation 

 on the one hand, and the Tertiary vegetation (including that of 



