212 



Four kinds of peat deposits may now be recognised on the- 

 moors : — 



1. — Hill peat on the flat high moors. 

 2. — Peat of the glacial slacks. 

 3. — Peat at the head of moorland valleys. 

 4. — Peat of moorland slopes. 



The last three kinds almost invariably contain the remains 

 of trees, the first never. During the coming year it is intend- 

 ed to ascertain definitely the character of the tree remains 

 and the proportion of Birch to Oak established. Our peat 

 beds present one marked contrast to those of Scotland. The 

 Scotch deposits contain Birch and Pine in abundance ; the 

 Cleveland, Birch and Oak in abundance, but the Pine tree is 

 rarely or never met with. Nor do the peaty beds of the water- 

 shed exhibit that denudation into peat hags which is con- 

 spicuous on the Scotch Hills (see Lewis, Peat Dep. of Scot- 

 land, Trans. Royal Society of Edin.) 



Moor Pan. 



Special attention was also directed to this important 

 feature of moorland soils, and its existence proved in various 

 parts of the moors where it probably covers a very large area. 

 It has been noted at the ensuing localities : — 



Great Ayton, Danby Low Moor, Rosedale Head Moors, 

 at the head of Stockdale where a section several yards in 

 length was observed in a gully, on the ridge between Glais- 

 dale and Butler Beck, above the Kellaways Rock on Girrick 

 Moor, on Rudland Rigg between Farndale and Bransdale. 

 In the last locality the section was very remarkable, the pan 

 being contorted and nearly two inches thick. Pan is not 

 always visible in sections owing to the action of frost, and 

 therefore conclusions as to its non-occurrence must always be 

 doubtful. 



Fauna. 



Some work was done on the insects, especially Coleoptera 

 and Lepidoptera, but no regular series of observations was 

 made. Nevertheless some facts of interest have to be noted. 

 Scodiona belgiaria was abundant on the Castleton Moors 

 during the first week of June, whilst in May, Cnephasia politana 

 was numerous on the summit of Cold Moor at an elevation of 

 1,300 feet. At the same altitude Hadena glauca occurred. 



