146 Psyche [December 



(2) Cases in which the portee is conveyed to the nest of the 

 porter, hke the triunguhn larvae of certain beetles (Sitaris, Meloe, 

 etc.) and the triungulinids of the Strepsiptera. 



(3) Cases like a few myrmecophilous beetles (Thorictus) which 

 attach themselves to the antennae of ants for the purpose of accom- 

 panying them on their peregrinations. 



(4) Cases like the mites of the genus Antennophorus which are 

 not only carried but fed by the ants. These and the cases under 

 (3) might be referred to ectoparasitism. 



(5) Indirect phoresy, as exhibited by certain mites that cling 

 to the surfaces of ant larvae and pupae which are in turn trans- 

 ported by the ants. 



(6) The cases of ants that carry in their mandibles their own 

 young, other members of the colony or guests. 



In 1911 Banks published a valuable list of some 17 cases of 

 phoresy collected from the literature, and several others have been 

 recorded by Warner (1903), Brues (1917a, 1917b) and Rabaud 

 (1917). Among the cases cited by these authors are those of 

 certain small parasitic Hymenoptera which attach themselves to 

 the abdomens of Orthoptera or to the wings of Mantoidea in order 

 to be on hand to oviposit in the eggs of their porters. Such cases 

 really represent a seventh category of phoresy. 



Among the cases cited by Lesne and Janet and apparently over- 

 looked by Banks, is Anther ophagus, which attaches itself to the 

 legs, mouthparts or antennae of humble-bees for the purpose of 

 being transported to their nests. The earliest observation of 

 this habit seems to have been made by the British Coleopterist 

 T. J. Bold. This author's two references to Antherophagus (1856 

 and 1871) were kindly sent me from London by my friend, Mr. Hor- 

 ace Donisthorpe, after I had vainly endeavored to find them in 

 the Boston libraries. The first reference runs as follows: "Mr. 

 Smith, in his admirable work on British bees, records the finding of 

 Antherophagus glaber in the nest of Bomhus deshamellus. This 

 season I met with an instance of the manner in which such insects 

 may be transported thither. When hunting Bombi in September 

 last, the peculiar motions of a neuter of B. sylvarum attracted my 

 attention: it was clinging to a thistlehead, and wriggling and 

 twisting its legs about in all directions. On getting hold of it I 

 found that a large specimen of Antherophagus nigricornis had 



