50 Psyche [April-June 



stricted portion which projects as a button into the cavity of the 

 ventriciihis (Figs. 1 and 2). The pecuharities mentioned seem to 

 me to justify us in returning to Emery's contention of 1899 that 

 the Pseudomyrminffi constitute an independent subfamily. I 

 have endeavored to show in a recent paper (1919a) that neither 

 the larval nor the imaginal Metaponini can be regarded as at all 

 closely related to the Pseudomyrminse. Emery's section Pro- 

 myrmicinse should therefore be abandoned and his term Eumyrmi- 

 cinse may be regarded as merely synonymous with Myrmicinse. 



Fig. 2. Viticicola tessmanni Stitz; a, sagittal section through part of the ali- 

 mentary tract, including a, the ingluvies, or "crop" (much contracted); b, calyx of 

 proventriculus, or "gizzard," x, its cylindrical portion, and c, anterior portion of 

 ventriculus, or "stomach." 



A study of the larvae of the Cerapachyini shows that they are 

 extremely like the larvse of the Dorylinae. This was noticed by 

 Emery in his observations on the larva of AcaniJwstichus serratiilus 

 (1899). The mandibles are small, narrow, pointed and rather 

 feebly chitinized, and I have failed to find a trophorhinium in 

 either group. Apparently the young are fed only on soft food. 

 That the foraging habits of certain Cerapachyini (Phyracaces) 

 resemble those of the Dorylinse was shown in my paper on the 

 Australian species (1918a). We know nothing of the pupae, but 

 they are probably not enclosed in cocoons as in the Ponerinae. 

 Although the worker of the Cerapachyini has a Ponerine habitus, 

 the characters of the female in the various genera are peculiarly 

 diverse. In some cases (Phyracaces), this caste is winged and not 

 unlike the females of certain Ponerinae, in others (Parasyscia, 

 Eusphinctus) the female is wingless and ergatomorphic and in still 

 others (Acanthostichus, Nothosphinctus) the female is so much like 

 the corresponding caste in the Dorylinae, that it might be regarded 



