THE PINE-BARK CHERMES: REMEDIES. 187 



Remedies. 



When the insect is found upon young trees the bark of which has not 

 become very rough, or when confined to the smoother bark of the 

 branches and twigs, most of them can be easily killed by going over the 

 bark and crushing them by the vigorous use of a stiff bristle brush. In 

 connection with the brush a strip of cloth could be advantageously used 

 by applying it to the axils of the branches and drawing it repeatedly 

 backward and forward through them; or with a single turn around a 

 branch, moving it gradually outward upon the limb with the same saw- 

 ing motion. 



Where larger trees and more extended surfaces are infested, a solu- 

 tion of whale-oil soap — a quarter of a pound to a gallon of water — ■ 

 applied with a force pump, would destroy the insect. The stronger ap- 

 plication of kerosene emulsions required for adult scale-insects, would 

 not be needed for this Aphid, for its flocculent covering instead of serv- 

 ing as a protection to it only aids the efficacy of the applied insecticide 

 in absorbing and holding it until it may have its desired effect. 



A method employed against the Larch Chermes of Europe, CJtermcs 

 laricis Hartig, which seems also to serve as a preventive of subsequent 

 attacks, is given by Miss Ormerod in her Manual of hij^irious Jx.^ecis 

 (p. 194-5): 



To thirty-six gallons of water add half a pound of perchloride of 

 mercury; with this the infested trees are drenched in the early summer, 

 when the sap is flowing freely; a dry day is preferred for the opera- 

 tion, as it gives time for the solution to soak thoroughly into the bark. 

 This has been applied to ornamental trees and it is noted that trees 

 operated on in 1873, continued, at the time of writing (1880), free from 

 the "bug," and in thriving condition. This application requires to be 

 in careful hands, being poisonous. Woodpeckers that fed upon the 

 poisoned insects were destroyed by it. 



Chimarocephala viridifasciata (DeGeer). 

 The Green-strij)ed Locust. 



(Ord. Orthoptera: Fam. Acridid^.) 



Acr idium viridifasciatnm De Geeh: Mem. Hist. Ins., iii, 1773, p. 498, pi. 43, f. 



6; Goeze: Gescli. Ins., iii, 1780, p. 325, pi. 42, f. 6. 

 Oryllus Virginianifs F ABB..: Syst. Ent., 1775, p. 291; Spec. Ins., i, 1781, p. 368; 



Ent. Syst., ii, 1793, p. 57. 

 Gryllus Locnsta chrysomelns Gmelin: Linn., Syst. Xat. i, pt. iv, 1788, 2086. 

 Acridium Virginianum Olivier: in Encyc. Method., vi. 1791, p. 224. 

 Acridium marginatum OIjIYIeti: in Encyc. Method., vi., 1791, p. 229. 

 Acridium hemipterum Pal. de Beauv'Ois: Ins. Afr.-Amer., 1805-21, p. 145, pi. 4, 



f. 3. 



