138 
THE FLOWERING PLANT. 
Fig. 59.—Diagrams of Capsules [original.] A-E. cross-sections of dehiscing capsules. 
A. unilocular septicidal; B. plurilocular septicidal; C. unilocular loculicidal; D. 
plurilocular loculicidal; E. septifragal; p. placentas (thickened edges of carpellary 
leaves), split in A, B, D (ef. B with follicle); m-r. midribs of carpellary leaves, split 
in C, D, E(¢f. D with legume); d. dissepiments (formed by sides of adjacent carpel- 
lary leaves), split in B; s. seeds, represented small for the sake of clearness, compare 
with fig. 48. EF. capsule of primrose, dehiscing above ten teeth. G. capsule of poppy, 
dehiscing above by pores, beneath each of which is a valve. 
foxglove (two loculi), saffron (three). Or, 
again, each carpel may split along its 
dorsal margin. The dissepiments then 
either separate from one another, when 
the capsule is loculicidal, e.g., tulip, lily, 
and iris, or remain united, forming a 
column in the centre of the fruit, when 
the capsule is septifragal, e.g., rnododen- 
dron. Where, as in violet, a capsule con- 
tains but one loculus, and its carpels split 
along their midribs, this may be termed 
loculicidal. When the placentation is 
free-central, dehiscence is usually by feeth, 
as In primrose and pink. 
ae oe ot (2-) Transversely (pyxidium).—Here a lid falls 
Henbane, enclosed in 
persistent calyx, part 
of which has been cut 
away. 
off. Ha. Scarlet pimpernel, plantain, 
henbane (fig. 60). 
(c.) By pores (porous capsule).—KEzx. Snapdragon, 
(two pores), poppy (many). (Fig. 59, G.) 
B. Succutent Fruirs.—Pericarp more or less fleshy. 
1. Indehiscent.-—Pericarp does not burst. 
a. Stone-fruit or drupe, superior, single-seeded, epi- 
carp membranous, mesocarp succulent, endocarp 
