190 
Ox-lip, 125 
Oxygen, 3, 5, 10, II, 1y, 71, 143, 173 
Oyster, 4 
In 
PACIFIC, 141 
Peeony, 137, 167 
Palate, 90 
Pale yen 
Palm, 21, 56 
Palmate, 59, 60 
Palmately ; p. cleft, 59; p. divided, 59; p. 
lobed, 59; p. parted, 59 
Panicle, 79, 80, 100, 117 
Pansy, 63, 75, 76, 88, 96, 98, 104, 121, 127, 
161, 162 
Papaveracee, 167 
Papilla, 107 
Pappus, 141, 170 
Parallel-veined, 56, 163 
Parasite, 3, 64, 71 
Parenchyma, 14, 19, 31, 36, 41, 42, 67, 98, 
135; palisade p., 65, 66, 68; spongy p., 
66, 67, 91 
Parietal, 105, 137, 166, 167; p. layer, 32 
Parsley, 169 
Parsnip, 79, 106, 119, 142, 169 
Parted, 59 
Partial ; p. involucre, 79; p. peduncle, 76 
Pasiflora (see Passion-flower) 
Passion-flower, 27, 45 
Patchouli, 62 
Path-pointer, 122 
Pea, 61, 82, 88, 95, 100, 101, 102, 106, 114, 
127, 135, 137, 143, 161, 168 
Peach, 113, 139, 169 
Pea-flower family (see Leguminosez) 
Pear, 136, 169 
Pedicel, 76, 78, 117, 157 
Peduncle, 74, 76, 85, 102, 112, 115, 140, 142, 
157 
Peel, 139 
Peeling ; of potatoes, 26; of twigs, 40 
Pelargonium, 28, 85, 168 
Peltate, 58 
Pendent, 99, 123, 157 
Pendulous, 77, 106, 113, 116, 123. 
Penknife, 74, 155 
Pentastemon, 94, 97, 169 
Pepper-castor, 31 
Perennials, 14, 23, 41, 42, 48, 156, 159 
Perfoliate, 58 
Perianth, 74, 81, 83-91, 92, 99, 113, 115, 116, 
117, 118, 119, 126, 140, 142 
Pericarp, 136, 137, 139, 140 
Perigynous, 81, 84, 85, 87, 95, Io, 113, 136, 
I5Q9, 161, 164, 168 
Perisperm, 131, 133 
Periwinkle, 54 
Permanent slides 173 
Persistent, 86 
Personate, go, 113 
Petal, 74, 75, 76, 82, 83, 85, 86-91, 93, 94, 95; 
I03, IIO, 113, 122, 123, 127, 161, 162, 165, 
167 
Petaloid, 76, 86, 87, 88, 120, 125, 126, 16g 
Petaloidez, 163, 165 
Petiole, 52, 53-54, 56, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 66; 
description of, 157 
Petunia, 169 
Phanerogams (see Flowering-plants) 
Phloém (see Bast) 
INDEX. 
Phosphates, 10, 173 
Phosphorus, 5, 10 
Phylloclade, 27, 42 
Phyllode, 53) 54) 63, 70 
Phyllotaxis, 49-51, 83, 157, 160 
Physiology; elementary, 8-10; of root, 
17-20; of stem, 41-453 of foliage leaf, 
66-73; of flower, 111-131 ; of seeds and 
fruits, 140-143 ; practical. 173 
Pigment, ox 
Piliferous layer, 20 
Pilose, 28 
Pimpernel (see Scarlet p., Water p.) 
Pine, 21, 116, 163 
Pineapple, 135 
Pink, 21, 49, 87, 100, 105, 124, 129, 138, 156 
Pinnate, 59, 60, 61, 63 
Pinnately; p. cleft, 59; p. divided, 59; p. 
lobed, 59; p. parted, 59, 623; p. veined, 
_ 56, 57, 59 
Pins, 155 
Pinus (see Fir) 
Pip, 132, 136, 141 
Pistil, 81, 83, 85, 92, 115, 122, 124, 128, 120, 
163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171 ; 
description of, 158, 162 
Pistillate, 94 
Pit, 32, 33, 35; bordered pit, 35; p. mem- 
brane, 32, 33 
Pitcher-plants, 4, 54, 62, 71 
Pith, 29, 30, 34, 38, 39, 40, 42, 163, 172 
Placenta, tor, 102, 104, 106, 107 
Placentation, 102, 104, 105, 106, 137, 165, 166, 
167,'168, 169, 170, 171 ; description of, 162 
Plaited, 49 
Plane, antero-posterior p. (see Median) ; 
lateral p., 82; median p., 52, 82; 
oblique p., 82 
Plank, 39 
Plantago (see Plantain) 
Plantain, 57, 78, 93, 117, 118, 138 
Plants, how differing from animals, 2-4 ; 
aquatic p., 11, 18, 19, 23, 43, 68, 112, 
115, 140; Climbing p., 8, 24; creeping 
p., 24; flowering p.,>23 027 27,336 
flowerless p., 2; green p., 113; insecti- 
vorous or carnivorous p., 3, 54, 61-62, 
71, 73, 112, 114; land p., 17, 19, 43, 69, 
70; marsh p., 23; multicellular p., 8, 
123; unicellular p., 8 
Plum, 42, 139, 169 
Plumbago, 84, 112, 142 
Plumule, 132, 133, 142, 143 
Pod, 102, 137, 140 
Point, growing (see Growing-point) 
Pollen, 74, 75 925 96, 97; 99, TTI, 114-131 5 
p. canal, 107, 11435 p. grain, 98, 109, 
TI4, 116, 110; 123, 13, E7154. sacs. 
Tog, 163; p. tube, 114, 115, 125 
Pollination, 114, 140, 162; by birds, 130; 
cross, 115-130; by insects, 118-130: 
self, 115, 130-131; by water, 115; by 
wind, 115-118, 120 
Pollinium, 97, 130 
Polyadelphous, 95 
Polyanthus, 125, 170 
Polycarpellary, ror 
Polygamous, 99 
Polygonacez, 166 
Polygonum amphibium, 112 
Polypetale, 164, 166-167 
Polypetalous, 87, 88, 114, 164 
