1921] Vespa arciica, a parasite of Vespa diaholica 143 



5. The fate of the host queen in such nests is unknown. 

 Whether she voluntarily deserts the nest soon after the parasite 

 enters or is killed by the latter or by her own workers, or whether 

 the parasitic queen has a tendency to enter young motherless nests 

 of the host specieSj remains to be determind. That both queens 

 may occasionally live side by side for some time, would seem to 

 be demonstrated by the colony examined by the senior author. 



6. From what is known of V. arctica and austriuca we may 

 conclude that these workerless wasps have essentially the same 

 relations to their host-colonies as the parasitic Psithyri and worker- 

 less ants {Anergates, etc.). 



Bibliography. 



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