248 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



and the inner edge dentated. The gland on the 10th segment is 

 similar to that in the previous stage, being a small elongated 

 transverse fissure, and fringed with fine white bristles as de- 

 scribed. Although so similar in formation to the gland of 

 L. arion, I have been unable to detect any liquid exuding from 

 it when touched ; also it appears less sensitive to irritation. On 

 the 11th segment is a subdorsal, partly retractile, whitish tubercle. 

 The ground colour is pale green, with a darker green medio- 

 dorsal stripe, and oblique side stripes of a fainter green ; in some 

 specimens the lateral ridge is tinged below with pinkish brown ; 

 the head is black and shining, and is hidden under the over- 

 lapping 1st segment, except when extruded while feeding and 

 crawling. 



During the last stage I supplied the larvae with both the 

 common white and red clover-blossoms, which they greedily de- 

 voured. One larva completely ate up the whole of the petals of 

 a red blossom in two days ; it appeared to be feeding continually 

 both day and night the whole time. They also readily feed on 

 the flowers, seeds, and leaves of Lotus corniculatus. 



During their earlier stages the larvae are decidedly canni- 

 balistic. I noticed one larva after the first moult feeding on a 

 newly-hatched larva, which it seized as it emerged from the egg ; 

 but during the last two stages I did not find them attacking each 

 other, which agrees with the cannibalism of L. arion larvae. 



The pupa is attached to the food-plant by the cremastral hooks 

 to a pad of silk and a girdle round the body ; all mine were attached 

 to the centre of the leaves, and the general resemblance, both in 

 form and colour, between a decaying Lotus leaf and the pupa is 

 very similar. The pupa measures J in. long, of fairly uniform 

 thickness, the head is truncated in front, the thorax slightly 

 swollen dorsally, the abdomen rises at the base, and falls away 

 in a gentle curve to the anal extremity, which is bluntly termi- 

 nated. The entire surface is a pale green, and very finely 

 reticulated ; the wing-cases are rather whiter green than the 

 rest of the body, with whitish neuration, and irregularly sprinkled 

 with minute black specks ; a medio -dorsal line composed of a 

 series of black marks and specks runs the entire length, and 

 forms a well-defined line over the head and thorax, but becomes 

 broken up into a series of spots on a darker ground stripe along 

 the abdomen ; a super-spiracular series of small black dots, one 

 on each of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th segments, and a large somewhat 

 oval black blotch on the 1st abdominal segment ; and two others, 

 one at the base of the wing on the meso-thorax, another on the 

 meta-thorax, also a small spot on the pro-thorax ; all these and 

 a few other tiny specks sparingly sprinkled over the body are 

 black. The whole surface, excepting the wings, is sprinkled with 

 slightly curved moderately long white serrated hairs, each with a 

 swollen base ; near the base of the wings are a few fine white bristles. 



