NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. ll^ 



variety. The nervures are rather more powdered towards the 

 apex of fore win<;. Var. hryonice, Esp. — Abisko, not so dark as 

 specimens from the Swiss Alps. 



Eachlo'r cardamines, L. — Disenaaen, not common. 



Leptosia sinapis var. lathrjri, Hb. — Mattmar and Disenaaen, 

 not common. 



Collas paheno var. lapponica, Stgr. — The males vary greatly 

 in colour. Some are bright sulphur, most of them are very pale 

 and some are as white as the female. One female is of a creamy 

 colour. I have specimens from Bossekop, .Joraholmen, Abisko 

 and Narvik. 



C. nastes var. icerdandi, Zett. — Like all my predecessors I 

 was rather late for this species ; some, however, were quite good. 

 Var. immacidata, Lampa. — I do not seem to have any varieties 

 except this one. 



C. hccla (var. saUtebna, Auriv,). — This fine species was to be 

 taken all over the delta of the Alten elf, even in the village of 

 Bossekop, but was found only in the neighbourhood of the river 

 or in adjacent fields. Males were found in good condition at 

 Bossekop. At Joraholmen females were abundant, more so than 

 males, and it was common to see half-a-dozen of the species on 

 the wing at one time. In the males there is a curious violet 

 reflection very similar to that which is found in Apatura ilia. 

 It can be seen quite distinctly in some fresh examples when held 

 in certain positions, and is noticeable when the insect is in flight. 

 I think I have seen it stated somewhere that this violet reflection 

 is found sometimes in Colias edusa. 



{To be concluded.) 



NOTES AND OBSEPtVATIONS. 



Swarming of MicRO-LErmoPTERA in xIustralia. — The following 

 observation, quoted from a paper by my expert and esteemed friend 

 Dr. A. Jefferis Turner ('Proc.Koy. Soc. Queensland,' xxxi, 1919), p. 108, 

 is so curious and difficult of explanation that I wish to call the 

 attention of entomologists generally to it. The insect mentioned is a 

 small Gelechiad moth, nearly allied and very similar to the Englisii 

 Dichomcris {Ypsolophus) fasciclla, expanding about 16-20 mm., and 

 a chemical balance would be needed to find the weight of an individual. 

 " One species, Dichomeris capnites, Meyr, sometimes occurs in 

 countless millions. I came upon one of these swarms near Gympie, 

 Queensland, on April 15th, 1906. For 20 yards in length and several 

 yards in breadth along the bank of a small creek the eucalyptus 

 saplings, some of considerable size, were so covered with moths that 

 not only was their foliage completely blackened, but the saplings 

 tbemselves were actually bowed with the weight. On beating a 

 sapling with a stick it recovered its uprightness, while the moths 

 arose in a dense black cloud, and the rustling sound of their wings 



