160 THli ENTOMOLOGIST. 



chiefly impressed by finding two atalanta. It was freezing hard 

 at the time, so it was no wonder that the insects seemed dead. 

 I also remember when a boy at Ludgvan, Cornwall, a wood-stack 

 was pulled down in the winter for firewood, and we children were 

 greatly interested in the butterflies found therein. I am sure that 

 there were several atalanta among them, and I was even then much 

 interested in butterflies, and knew most of the ordinary species 

 quite well. Kt any rate I know that owing to this experience 

 I never had any doubt about the hibernation of the Eed Admiral 

 until in later years I found it denied by most authorities. I saw an 

 atalanta on April 16th, 1919 — surely not an immigrant. — J. Percy 

 Harrison ; Lydiard Millicent Eectory, Swindon. 



[In the ' Entomologist,' February, 1913, vol. xlvi, pp. 40-42, 1 was 

 able to place on record for the first time authentic instances of the 

 actual finding of P. atalanta hibernating. Three specimens were 

 found by Mr. Walter Barnes at Orpington, Kent. The first one 

 was discovered by him clinging to the woodwork under the slates 

 on his house, together with two Vanessa io and two Aglais urticce, 

 in February, 1907. In January, 1908, he found another atalanta in 

 a holly hedge ; it was resting on a dead leaf under a thick covering 

 of a mass of withered leaves in the centre of the hedge, which also 

 contained three Gonepteryx rhanini hibernating. The third atalanta 

 he found the following November under the eaves of his house. As 

 there are but few cases of atalanta being found in a hibernating 

 state the above note by the Rev. J. Percy Harrison is particularly 

 interesting. — F. W. Feohawk ; June, 1920.] 



Unusual Immigration of Pyrameis atalanta and P. cardui. — 

 During May a great immigration of both Pyrameis atalanta and 

 P. cardiii seems to have been general throughout the south-eastern 

 and southern counties. I saw the first P. atalanta on May 14th 

 in my garden here — S.E. Essex — and several P. cardui made their 

 appearance on May 22nd. The large number which have occurred 

 here and elsewhere denotes a great and general immigration has 

 taken place, far in excess of anything of the kind I have known 

 to occur. I have also heard of Colias ediisa having been seen in 

 different places. I may add that both Pieris brassicce and P. rapes 

 have been unusually abundant here, the result of immigration. — 

 F. W. Frohawk ; June, 1920. 



Pyrameis cardui in May. — On p. 80 of your ' Butterflies of the 

 British Isles ' you say that specimens of P. cardui seen in the 

 spring are early immigrants. On May 11th I took a specimen in 

 a wood near Oxford which was so fresh that it could not have been 

 out more than a few hours and certainly could not have been an 

 immigrant. — E. Bolton King; Balliol College, Oxford. 



Pyrameis cardui, atalanta, etc., in May. — I saw several speci- 

 mens of P. cardui in this neighbourhood on May 22nd and 23rd, as 

 well as two specimens of P. atalanta. Both species were very faded. 

 I am glad to be able to record that Pararcje megcera is very plentiful 

 at present. I saw very few last summer, and in the Chandler's 

 Ford neighbourhood it has been very scarce for years. Up to the 



