132 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
are intensely black and glabrous; the retractile organs on each 
side of the mouth are still visible. The larva in this instar spun 
the lower leaf to the bottom of the tin in which it was kept, and 
fed upon the lower cuticle. 
On May 81st the larya entered the fourth and last instar ; it 
was then 9 mm. long. The head is dark brown, mottled with 
black ; it is very glabrous; the segments behind the prothorax 
are light grevish-green, the intestinal canal showing plainly as a 
dark line; the prothorax is of the same green tint, but it is 
more glabrous. On each side of this segment in the sub-dorsal 
area is a prominent dark brown blotch; these are placed .about 
1 mm. apart. The thoracic legs and feet are black and shining ; 
the spiracles and tubercles are very inconspicuous. In all the 
instars the larva is very spiny; it tapers a good deal towards the 
anal extremity, and is exceedingly active, wriggling violently 
when disturbed. In this stage it spins together two leaves of 
its food-plant and skeletonises them in a similar manner to 
Rhodophea consociella, but does not make any web like that 
species. 
On June 10th the larva was full grown and ceased feeding ; 
it was 18 mm. long; there was no perceptible difference since it 
was last described, except that of course the head was much 
smaller in proportion to the size of the other segments. 
The larva in confinement would eat birch, lime, apple, beech, 
and of course oak, but refused plum, elm, hazel and horn- 
beam. Being mindful of its supposed pabulum of lichens I 
offered it several species, which it refused to touch, but imme- 
diately an oak-leaf was put in the cage it began ravenously to 
devour it; this experiment would seem to dispose of the supposed 
liking for lichens. 
On June 14th the larva spun up for pupation between two 
oak leaves. 
THe Pupa. 
The pupa, one week after the change, was light reddish- 
brown in colour, darker at the junction of the segments. The 
wing-cases were lighter; the surface is only slightly glabrous. 
The abdominal segments are reticulated on the surface. The 
head has a distinct proboscis or cocoon opener, which, however, 
is blunt at its extremity. The wing-cases extend to the rear of 
the fifth abdominal segment. Each abdominal segment has the 
usual row of spikelets. The pupa has very few spines ; it termi- 
nates in the usual anal hook, which points ventrally ; it tapers 
cradually from the sixth abdominal segment to the anal extremity, 
which is blunt and square. The pupa is 8°50 mm. long. 
The imagines, eight in number, emerged during the last week 
in July. 
The larva is easily distinguished during the last instar from 
