228 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
crawling about under the dead bark and were not in a cocoon or 
hibernaculum. These latter, however, in a few days had spun 
their cocoons. 
It should be noted that the season at the end of March, 1921, 
was fully a fortnight in advance of an average season. These larve 
had not increased in size so far as I could see since the previous 
autumn, but they had lost their red tint and were greenish 
white in colour; evidently they had not fed in the spring, for the 
red tint is caused by the contents of the intestinal canal showing. 
The pupa of the male is about 5 mm. long and 1°25 mm. 
broad, that of the female 7 mm. by 1°5 mm., stout in proportion 
to its length, light reddish brown in colour, the wing-cases lighter 
than the thorax and abdominal segments. The whole of the pupa 
is smooth and glabrous. The wing-cases extend to the rear of the 
fifth abdominal segment. The abdominal segments have the usual 
rows of spikelets; there are no anal hooks and the pupa is loose 
in the cocoon; in the place of anal hooks there are four slightly 
curved spines. The fourth and fifth abdominal segments are of 
the same width in the rear as they are in the front; the sixth 
tapers to the rear ; the seventh has a hollow outline and a ridge 
at the rear; the remainder of the abdominal segments form a 
funnel-shaped extremity blunt at the anal termination. At the 
intersection of the abdominal segments are a few short spines 
pointing rearwards. The head is blunt and rounded without 
any trace of a cocoon opener; the extremity of the wing-cases 
forms a slight bulb; the antenne and eyes project rather 
noticeably above the wing-cases. 
The cocoon is usualiy attached to the inside of a piece of loose 
bark and when this is picked off the trunk it generally adheres to 
it. Two or three days before emergence the markings of the 
wings show very plainly through the pupal envelope, especially 
the white dorsal blotch. The first imago emerged on May 30th, 
1920, and on June Ist four specimens emerged and their wings 
were fully developed by 7.45a.m. Almost all the emergences take 
place very early in the morning. 
Leguminana is to be found everywhere around Wicken that I 
have investigated amongst pollard elms. It prefers excrescences 
which have the bark soft; these are usually to be found on the 
southern and western sides of the trees. In such situations a 
suitable excrescence will contain from one to several dozens of 
larve, whereas on the other sides where the rain does not often 
beat against the trunks the swellings would only contain one or 
two larve and in many cases none at all. 
When a tree is pollarded there is a tendency to form ex- 
crescences where the branches have been cut off ; these continue 
healthy for some years, but the bark gradually dies, and it is 
upon this dying bark, or rather at the junction of the dead and 
healthy portions, that the larva feeds. 
