34 B.C. Entomological Society. 



frozen back in winter. If you taUe out the power-sprayer the co.st is excessive, 

 yet if you wait for the whole orchard to become infected and then talie out power- 

 sprayer the leaves become badly curled, making it hard to kill all the aphides, and 

 the growth of the shoots is so bent and crooked that it gives the tree a bad 

 appearance. 



Personally, I have often practised cutting off the young shoots as they become 

 infected, helping the expense by removing unnecessary water-sprouts and suckers 

 at same time, but I believe spraying is the only way, under Veruou conditions, where 

 we must do all we can to avoid excessive soft growth. 



I now use a knapsack sprayer called the Standard Spray Pump, with which 

 It is possible to spray trees even up to twelve years old, and can be used with 

 bucket, knapsack, or barrel, and works very much like a bicycle-pump. It comes 

 fitted with three nozzles, one of which gives a fine mist spray, with surprisingly 

 strong pressure, so that it can be thrown 10 to 20 feet effectively. I have brought 

 one with me and shall lie pleased to demonstrate it to any one at close of meeting. 



There are a great many other problems in " aphis-control " which are special 

 to the grower under his particular exposure. In fact, like all operations in the 

 orchard, the really efflcient and economic control of pests must be met by the 

 ingenuity and practical knowledge of the individual grower, because he alone knows 

 all the other factors which influence successful fruit-culture. 



TWO INJURIOUS INSECTS OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE ATTACKING 

 PEACH, APRICOT, AND PLUM TREES. 



By W. H. Lyne. 



Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen. — In dealing with the subject assigned to 

 me on the programme under the title of " Peach Insects," with your permission I 

 will confine my remarks to discussing two insects of considerable economic impoi-- 

 tance. These two insects — namely, the peach-twig borer (Anarsia UneateUa) and the 

 peach-root borer {SanninoiHea esoitiosa) — do not confine their work of destruction to 

 the peach-tree alone, but also attack the apricot, plum, almond, and occasionally the 

 cherry-tree. 



The Peach-twio Boree (Anarsia lineatella). 



The adult of this insect is a small brown moth with wings expanding about % to 

 ^2 inch. It has a jaunty little head, reminding one of that of a quail in a miniature 

 way. There are two distinct broods during spring and summer, and in some lati- 

 tudes a later brood in the fall. As soon as the new growth apiiears the young larvaj 

 commence to bore into the tender new twigs, the tips of which soon wilt, and upon 

 examination the larvse, about 14 inch long, may be found burrowed into the heart of 

 the tree just below the wilted portions. In the course of a month the larva? leave 

 the young twigs and spin cocoons, which they secure in a crevice in the limbs of the 

 tree with a few cross-webs. These pupate and in about two weeks the second brood 

 of moths begin to fly. After mating, the females deposit their eggs on or near the 

 fruit. When the new larva} hatch out, they immediately commence to bore into the 

 fruit just under the skin and gradually work farther in as they grow older ; thus 

 the second brood are fruit-borers. Some of these leave the fruit before it is picked 

 and spin their cocoons in the crotches and crevices of the trees, as did the first brood ; 

 others of the later brood bore into the bark, spend their winter in the larval stage, 

 and so are ready to operate on the young growth directly it appears in the spring. 

 I think this irregularity of habit depends greatly upon latitude and atmospheric 

 conditions. The loss resulting from the attack of this insect in some districts is 

 enormous, hundreds of tons of peaches, apricots, and plums being condemned as culls. 

 Many car-loads are condemned after being carefully packed and delivered at points 

 of distribution. When the egg or the young larva just hatched out is the only 

 evidence of infection at the time the fruit is being sorted and packed, one can easily 

 realize how hard it would be to guarantee a car-load free from infection. 



