I'ltUCEEDlNtJS, 1!)14. 



In .snmmariziug the pssential times for spray apiilication to apples in the Lowcr 

 Fraser Valley, we deduce the following : — ■ 



From the above it will be seen that the two essential mixtures are lime-sulphur 

 and arsenate of lead. Black Leaf 40 is also of use against aphides. These three 

 ingredients can be mixed together satisfactorily without injury to the relative 

 effectivene.ss of any one. It will be seen also that the first sprayiug on apple-trees 

 is required during April or at the time when the buds are breaking and previous to 

 the formation of blossom. The second spraying should take place iu June or after 

 the blossoms have fallen. The third or midsummer sprays will only be required 

 during exceptional cases aud relative to special insects. The same applies to the 

 fall sprays and winter spraying. The first two sprayings are necessary, one year 

 with another, in every orchard in the Lower Fraser. The later sprayings are 

 optional to the grower, and need only be applied in special cases of severe infestation 

 and as specially directed remedies against special outbreaks. It should be borne 

 strictly in mind, however, that these spray recommendations can be considered only 

 from the standpoint of the insects. The various fungous diseases are probably more 

 serious to the apple-grower than any existing insect attack, and these diseases have 

 to be fought by special methods aud at special times. From information at our 

 disposal, we are informed that three si)rayings a year are necessary in the majority 

 of orchards in the valley. The first two coiucide with the first two insect sprays — 

 viz.. in April and in June — and the third takes place in the fall, in September or 

 October, depending on climatic conditions of the year and as to whether the tree is 

 in fruit or otherwise. The lime-sulphur may be used in the spring sprayings against 

 the fungi as against the insects. Bordeaux or lime-sulphur may Iw applied in the 

 fall, according to the preference of the grower. 



The following insects are believed to be present in the valley, but further records 

 are necessary before further reference is made : The raspberry-cane borer ; the 

 raspberry-root borer; gooseberry-borer; several blossom-beetles; Teras minuta; 

 apple-buccalatrix; Archips aroi/sopila; apple-scolytids; apple-sawfly; flat-headed 

 apple-lwrers; round-headed apple-borers; apple-leaf miner; Aspidiotus ostrirformis; 

 I'ldriniiriii iiiiniiiK rahilix : ('liiiyiia.ipiti fiirfiira; rod spider; clover-mite; }'<iiie.s/ia 

 (iiilinpii: I'lddin iiitciiniiictcUd. with several others of lesser imijortance. 



BEE-DISEASES IN BRITISH COLUIVIBIA. 



By F. Dundas Tonn. ApI/Vry Inspkctor, I/)Wi;k Fraskk VAr.i.EV. 

 Once upon a time, it is said, a learned gentleman was called upon to prepare a 

 paper for a natural history society upon the suliject of " Snakes iu Ireland."' He 

 disix)scd of the whole matter in one sentence. '• There are no snakes in Ireland." 



