Proceedixgs, 1.014. • G!) 



says : " Tlie only thing we used to siiray for was the green aphis, and we used 

 tobacco-stems steeped in water. Previous to that we used a solution of concentrated 

 lye or caustic soda applied with a swab or whitewash-brush to the bodies and larger 

 limbs of the trees. About 1S93 woolly aphis used sometimes to be noticed, and it 

 was the iiractice to apply a little raw coal-oil to the affected parts with a swab. 

 Oyster-shell scale, when treated at all, used to got a lick of lie and water. I 

 remember seeing this scale in the woods In the early OO's."' 



Itecords for the Okauagan District are limited. In 1S95 one hand-power Bean 

 sprayer was in use on the Coldstream Hanch, Vernon. With the exception of a 

 brass SiJramotor No. 2, owned and bought liy Mr. Trice Ellison, M.L.A., later and 

 at the present time Minister of Agriculture for the Province, it is doubtful wUelher 

 any other existed in the Upper Country previous to this time, although conjointly 

 in the Lower Mainland spraying fruit-trees for fungi and insects was more or, less 

 general. Spraying, however, for insect pests did not become general all over the 

 Province in the fruit-growing areas until about IIJOO. 



As a precautionary measure to the rapidly increasing fruit-growing industry. 

 and to safeguard this industry from the introduction of more insects than those 

 indigenous to the Province, a station was built in Vancouver in 1895, to be used 

 for the inspection of all fruit-trees and vegetation that were passing into the 

 Province from points outside. In 1896 the fumigation of Incoming nursery stock, 

 combining tree to tree-inspection with fumigation, was begun by the Provincial 

 authorities. Mr. Thomas Cunningham had cliarge of this work as a member of 

 the Board of Horticulture. To Mr. Cunningham is due the credit for the erection 

 and manipulation of this detention-shed for incoming vegetation, and to his opinion 

 on the Executive of the Board we are indebted for tlie foundation of the present 

 efficient system of pest-control. 



In 1900 the Dominion Government, directed by Dr. ,Iames Fletcher, Dominion 

 Entomologist and Botanist, operated a separate fumigation-station in Vancouver 

 under the " San Jose Scale Act." Mr. Tom Wilson had charge of this work. It was 

 not until several j'ears later that a co-ordination of the Dominion and Provincial 

 work in fumigation and insiiection took place. 



Occasionally we tiud records that certain very dangerous insects were evading 

 the system of fumigation and inspection. In 1896 an infestation of what, at first, 

 was thought to be the dreaded San Jose scale was noticed at Popcum. east of 

 Chilliwack. It afterwards proved to be the Putnams scale. In 1902 or 1903 some 

 San Jose scale were discovered on trees which had passed through the detention- 

 sheds. In 1904 an outbreak of codling-moth occurred at Kamloops. Spraying the 

 trees, of which there were, roughly, 3,000 growing in and around Kamloops at the 

 time, was undertaken by the Government, but a certain lack of co-operation on the 

 part of the orchard-owners hindered the work of control, so that the outbreak 

 continued until about 1910, when the infestatiou was believed to be safely overcome. 

 For the past four years no further evidence of the reajipearance of the moth or its 

 larva has been received from the district, which indicates the control-work has been 

 successful. 



In the same year (19041. again, auotlicr and more serious outbreak of codling- 

 moth took place in the soutliern portion of Vancouver Island. Deputies of the 

 Department of Horticulture were instructed to locate and destroy all infected fruit 

 and larvie, and endeavour to induce the growers to co-operate in the matter of 

 control. In 1909 the fight still continued against the moth, as many as 17,582 

 trees being found infected, and 7,G10 fruits from which larvre we^e taken. Urgent 

 measures ou the part of the growers and the Government were then undertaken, 

 with the result that a few years later the moth infestation was reduced to a very 

 low condition. 



The introduction, localization, ;uid spread of these dangerous pests had the 

 double effect of iurreasiiig the ri;;idity of the Inspection and fumigation regulalious 

 and of stinudatiii^ the cause of arlitidal c-ontml measures in the field. Cor to-day we 



