ri!i)ci:KiM.\c;s, IDKi. 



THE FOREST-INSECT PROBLEM IN STANLEY PARK. 



r.i i:. N. Ciii;-, SIM . I'll in I II I K I i: i.>i; I'okim I.nm cis.' 



I''nr -A llllllllicr nf yi'ai-s new llll- lllllu'.lllliy rnllditinll a( till- i-.illillTims n-ccs 111 



Sniiilcy I'lirk liiis liciMi a iii.iltcr (nv iivdVf (oihctii aiiiniiL: llir lilizriis nl' \Miii-niivi'r 

 1111(1 ulhri-s iiilrnsliMl in llic |iri'srrv:il inn of lliis afcM ni iialiiral Inrrst uiiirji ailils 

 sii iniiiii III llii' liianii nl' llir Western i-ily. Tlic firsl invest i;;al i. in iiit.i the exisliii;: 

 eiiiiililiiiiis was Hindi' iliiriii;.' the svininier nf I'Ji:'. hy Mr. .1. .M. Swaine. Assistant 

 lOiildiiinlo-ist for Forest Iiisccis, Kiiloiiiolo;;ieal I'.raiich, Ottawa. I'olh.w in- Jlr. 

 Swaiiie's report a field lalioratory was esfahlisiieil in tlie pari; during' llie suiiinier 

 of I'.llt. tlie woik liein.i; continiieil I hioimli,,iit tlie season of ^'.n:,. As a restllt of 

 tliese iiivestit;alions a ronsider.ilile aiiioiiin of iiiforinat ion lias heeii eolleeted relative 

 111 the life-liistnries and lialiits of tlie injurious iusect species which are i-es|irinsilile 

 for the daina^'e: while at tlie same time measures for efficient control of the |iests 

 and re;.'eiieratioii of the dama^'ed areas have heeii proposed and inirtly earried into 

 effe.r. This matter heiii- one of interest to the nieiiilieis of llie I'.ritisli ColniHliia 

 i:iitoiiiolii-i(al Soiiet.N. the followin,;; short aeroiiiii of tlie results thus far olitaiued 

 is ^'iveu lielow : — 



(iKNKRAL ( 'oNllITtONS. 



Stanley I'ark was |iriiii.irily n nii.xed eoiiiferous forest eomjinsed of Sitlia sprm-e 

 I /■iiri, .v//r//, /i.s/vi. Ii.mulas lir U'r^i inl'ilsiiiin nnniniiahn . westeiai hemlo.-k {Tsiiijii 

 hr/rroplnilhn. and western cedar iTIiiiid iiiinihn : the area has lieeii loL'-'ed o\er. 



however, and the ma.jority of the tiiiest trees re veil : the |>reseiit slock heiiiL' mainly 



sec-oiid ,:.'rowtli. interinixed with a consideralile pro]Mirtioii nf liroail-ieaved sjiecies. 

 iiicludiiitc inaiiles. poplar, and willow: tliese in certain |ilaces taking' sole possess! m 

 of the ground. 



'I'he priiici|ia] species will I e considered in turn in relation to the insecl pests 

 associated with them. 



THF, SiTK.V Sl'Iil Ct; {I'iriil sitcllciisis}. 



The Sitka Spruce (Jail-louse (CIktiiics i-anlvtii (iillettei. — This insect causes 

 elon<iate cone-sliaped i;alls to forin on the youus; t\vi,i;s of the sjiruce in tlie sprin.s:. 

 llie twis; heini; killed ;is a resitlt. and the health of the tree seriously affected when 

 Ihe attack is liea\.\-. Tlie study of llie life history and liahits of this insect in Stanley 

 Park resulted in its hein,;: ideiitilied as fin inns cnuh-iii (iilletle. a sjiecies sludied 

 and descrihed hy Professor ( '. 1'. (Jillette. I'ort Collins. Colorado, in his |iaper entitled 

 ■•Chernies of Colorado Conifers.- I'roc. Acad. .\at. Sci.. l'liil.idel| iliia. T.tllT. The life- 

 history is interesliii;: owiiiL' to the fact lliat the species has two hosts, spendini; part 

 of ils life on Ihe Sitka spruce and niifjratiuf; thence to the 1 loimlas tir. X short pa|ier 

 on the results olitained in the park will shortly apiiear in the 'I'ransact ions of the 

 I'',]itiiniolo;.;ical Societ.x' of ()iilario. and in conseipieiice no details will he u'iveii here. 



The main c ■Insions drawn from the oliser\-eil facts of the life-liistory of this 



insect are as follows; That this species lias iiroved itself a serious enemy to Ihe 

 Sitka spruce in Stanle.v I'ark. eatisiiif; tlie death of luany trees, holli lari;e and small, 

 a survey of the jiark showiiii; a jieri-entau'e of over seventy-five affected trees; and 

 thai till' DouLilas lii. the secoiidar.\- host tree, is not seriously affecti'd hy the presence 

 of tlie insect. No -all is formed upon the tir. 



'I'lie Sitka Spruce .\|iliis i l/////,s- ahiiliiKn. Two years a-o this insect w;is 

 reported hy Mr. K. i '. Trelierne as caiisin- serious daiiia;.'e to the spiaice in llie 

 s]iriiii; and early siimnier. When acti\it.\ starts in s|irin- the apterous vi\iiiarous 



females are to he found in L-re.it niiniliefs on the old n lies ; Ihe followiiiL' ;;eneration 



develops wiii.i.'s in due .oiirse and lea\cs the spruce about the end of .Ma.v and the 

 hefjiniiiiif; of .Iiiiie; the secondary liosl-plaiil is so far unknown. 



'(■iiiilrilmli.in lium tlic f;iitumoIe.-ic:d l.tninch. Hciiartiiicnt uf A^'ricullmv. Ciltawa. 



