PSYCHE. 



329 



of the hypopharynx from the dorsal 

 surface of the hibium (floor of the 

 mouth) . 



In the male* the mandibles are 

 wanting, the other mouthparts being as 

 in the female. 



I have examined the mouthparts of 

 pupae, male and female, of various ages, 

 and find some interesting conditions, 

 but this is ontogenetic study, and we 

 shall for consistency's sake present now 

 only the results of the study of the com- 

 parative anatomy of the adults. 



SiMULllIlAE. 



SimuVnuu sp. In the females of 

 Simtilium sp. the mouthparts (fig. 2) 

 are of the type presented by Blepha- 

 rocera but present some interesting 

 modifications.' The mouthparts are 

 short and broad in general character, 

 instead of elongate. The labrum-cpi- 

 pharyiix (fig. 2 /. ep) is broadly and 

 bluntly triangular and can be readily 

 separated into two lamellae, a dorsal and 

 a ventral one, obviously labrum (fig. 2 

 lb) and epipharynx (fig. 2 ep) respec- 

 tively. The epipharnyx presents, at its 

 distal extremity, four minute strongly 

 chitinized processes, evidently mere spe- 

 cial chitinizations of the epipharyngeal 

 cuticula. The juandibks (fig. 2 md) are 

 short, broad (as compared with the 

 mandibles of the Blepharoceridae), 

 thin and weakly chitinized. They have 

 a well-defined articulating condyle at 



* In the Zoologischer Anzeiger no. 557, p. 2S0, 1898, I have 

 said mistakenly that the mandibles are present in the male. 



base. The maxillae (fig. 2 mx) consist 

 of a basal sclerite, a long 5-segmented 



Fig. 2. Mouthparts of Simulium sp., ?; 

 /. ep iahruiii-epiphar\nx, tnd mandible, mx 

 maxilla, mx, I maxillar lobe, mx. p maxillar 

 palpus, // labiinu, p^ paraglossa, ^ glossa, 

 hyp hypopharynx, ll> labrum, ep epiphar- 



palpus and a single maxillar lobe reach- 

 ing nearly to the end of the third palpar 

 segment. This is serrate on its inner 

 margin at the tip, and is better devel- 

 oped than in most of the Nematocera. 

 The labium (fig. 2, //) is short, broad, 

 with a short basal sclerite and three 

 terminal lobes, two large free paraglos- 

 sae, and a median short membranous 

 lobe, the fused glossae. The terminal 

 lobes present no sign of pseudo-tra- 

 cheae. There are no palpi. The 

 h\p(>pharviix (fig. 2, hyp) is about as 

 long as the labrum-epipharynx but 

 narrower and its narrowly pointed apex 

 is finely serrate on both margins. 



Simulium sp. A second species of 



