436 



PSYCHE. 



[Hecember 1899. 



hardened, as did those which have not 

 yet given the imago. This fact I no- 

 ticed at the time, and kept watch of the 

 chrysahds thinking that they might be 

 going to decay. 



Out of 55 chrysalids which I kept for 

 myself only these three gave the butter- 

 fly, }'et out of doors there were very 

 many freshly emerged butterflies from 

 August i6th until September 20th, 

 and these butterflies oviposited as plen- 

 tifully as the earlier ones, giving larvae 

 which pupated in October, the last one 

 I know about pupating on October 

 20th. I found small leaves of caraway 

 bearing six, nine, thirteen, and fifteen 

 eggs each, in different stages of develop- 

 ment, as shown by their color. One 

 butterfly only I saw laj' two eggs on 

 the same leaf, and these two were on 

 different divisions of tlie leaf, one being 

 on the under side, the other on the up- 



per side and close against another egg 

 which had turned almost orange in 

 color. 



From watching the ovipositing I feel 

 convinced that the butterfly does not 

 see clearly, but depends very much on 

 its antennae to distinguish between such 

 plants as tansy and caraway. Several 

 times a butterfly would fly to the low 

 tansy leaves growing close by the cara- 

 wa}', and bend its abdomen to place the 

 egg! when it would hesitate, touch the 

 leaf with its antennae, and fly to another 

 plant. If this proved caraway the egg 

 would be laid. 



The nearly full fed larvae preferred 

 the green seeds of the caraway to the 

 leaves. 



Of all the larvae I reared from the 

 egg or took from plants out of doors 

 only one died, and that was stung b}' a 

 tachinid. 



PSEUDOPOMALA AND ITS ALLIES. 



BY SAMUEL H. SCUDDER, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. 



Pseudopomala was founded by Morse 

 on an anomalous Acridian of New 

 England (since found as far west as 

 Utah) having a Tryxaline aspect, and 

 which he placed in that subfamily and 

 in this was followed by McNeill. On 

 account of the distinct though slight 

 pyramidal elevation on the presternum 

 I have since placed it in the Mesopes, 

 a group otherwise confined to the Old 

 World. It bears a close general resem- 

 blance to the oriental Gelastorliinus 



Sauss., has a similar low prosternal ] 

 spine, and an unmistakable Tryxaline I 

 aspect, due largely to the tricarinate 

 pronotum and ensiform antennae, 

 which it siiares also with Opomala. 

 My opinion of its afflnities has been 

 strengthened by finding in our country ' 

 another allied genus, whose type is , 

 Mesops cylindricus Brun., which has ' 

 a similar prosternal prominence and in | 

 which the jirincipal distinction from 

 Pseudopomala lies in tlie absence of | 



