DISCUSSION OF RESULTS. 



A glance at the percentage column shoAvs that the effective rem- 

 edies stand out prominently. They are kerosene emulsion in 

 strengths of over 10 per cent and ^vhale-oil soap at the rate of 1 

 pound to the gallon. Tobacco-stem decoction and lime-sulphur- 

 salt wash appeared to be ineffective. The lime-sulphur-salt -Nvash 

 was especially disappointing. After several weeks the scales under 

 it appeared bright and healthy, and it almost seemed as if they 

 enjoyed the protection of an extra covering during the cold weather. 

 The insects take little or no nourishment during the winter and 

 might thus be able to withstand for a time an application which 

 deprived them of their food supply. 



As a result of these experiments kerosene emulsion in strengths of 

 1 to (3 or 1 to 8 Vv'as recommended. Applications were made by the 

 park authorities on xVpril 16. The trees were examined on May 13 

 by Professor Oillette, who made the following note: 



Whore Mr. 8niith applied kerosene emulsion that was one-sixth kerosene 

 the scales appeared to he all dead over the greater portion of the trees. Some 

 limbs have scattering living scales and occasionally limbs were found where 

 the scales were quite abundaht. From the fact that the lice are all dead in 

 places where they were very abundant, it seems evident to me that the living 

 lice were those that were not well treated. Mr. Smith was also of the same 

 opinion. 



The entire i^ark was not sprayed last winter, and as a result the 

 infested trees have deluged tlie whole grove Avith the scale. Treat- 

 ment is being made at this Avriting A\ith kerosene emulsion in the 

 strength of one-sixth kerosene. Judging from tAvigs sent to the 

 laboratory, the application is all that could be desired, the scales all 

 being killed. 



Some scales Avill doubtless be missed by the spray, but these can 

 be trimmed out as soon as the Avax becomes conspicuous in the spring 

 and before the es^gs haA^e hatched. 



In the absence of the author, the folloAving paj^er Avas read by the 

 secretary : 



SOME EXPERIENCES WITH PULVINARIA. 



By Howard Evarts AA'eed, Chivacio, 111. 



The entomological literature regarding Pulvinaria innumerahilis 

 Hathv. contains so many misleading statements that it is certainly 

 time for attention to be called to them. The two principal misstate- 



