200 FERGUSON: CONTRIBUTIONS TO FLORA OF LONG ISLAND 
Mr. K. K. Mackenzie has written the writer that he doubts 
there is such a species as marianum and that all he has seen so 
named were referable to venosum or scabrum. One of the Mon- 
tauk plants closest to venosum was sent to Mr. Mackenzie who 
called it unquestionably venosum. 
“Flora of the Vicinity of Washington” does not record Hiera- 
clum marianum, only H. venosum 
In “ Plants of ae hen New Jersey” Dr. Witmer Stone writes 
of Hieracium marianum: ‘These plants are very unsatisfac- 
torily identified. While extreme examples fit the description 
of H. marianum others seem to be H. venosum with one or 
two stem leaves. The veining does not seem an important 
matter as many plants from the pine barrens have uniformly 
green leaves and they also show a great variation in pubes- 
cence 3 
“From the material on hand I cannot see any clear cut line 
of separation. between the two and possibly we do not have 
marianum at all.” 
The writer has reached the conclusion from his own field 
experience and from the variations recorded by others as con- 
densed in this article, that all of these plants are forms of one 
species quite sensitive to environment and all should be named 
venosum or marianum according to which name has priority. 
In the writer’s experience typical venosum is a plant of woods 
protected from wind and sun. In the more open pine barren 
woods it is a rougher, more pubescent plant. 
On the flat or rolling downs at Montauk it occurs on wind- 
swept hills and open plains and the more or less protected 
hollows, often shielded by thickets and varies as described 
above from nearly typical venosum to marianum of the manuals. 
The writer has seen Solidago rugosa and S. altissima in 
shady woods, slender and almost glabrous. The same species 
in the open are very pubescent and rough in varying degree. 
COMPOSITAE. Thistle Family 
Eupatorium Torreyanum Hempstead Plains, Garden City. 
Many colonies. 
Montauk. Open downs. One 
colony. 
