28 HARPER: PLANT POPULATION OF MICHIGAN 
to streams and lakes, with a slow circulation of water through the 
muck or peat, are generally densely wooded with spindle-shaped, 
short-leaved conifers of the type characteristic of snowy climates.* 
Fic. 1. Peat bog in a small sandy depression close to south shore of Douglas 
Lake, but apparently quite independent of the lake. Water deep and cool and not 
subject to much fluctuation. The floating leaves are Nymphaea variegaia. 
vegetation of the common slow-growing ‘‘high moor” or muskeg type, or the 
Chamaedaphne association of Gates (1913, p. 57); mostly evergreen. The trees are 
Picea mariana and Larix, and the shrubs mostly Chamaedaphne, Nemopanthes, 
Andromeda, and Kalmia polifolia. Herbs are relatively inconspicuous, but there 
is an abundance of sphagnum. (Thisis one of the few known localities in Michigan 
for Razoumofskya pusilla, which is parasitic on the spruces.) 
The basin-like depressions, which may or may not have visible 
outlets, have quite a variety of vegetation, depending on their 
size, depth, etc. The larger ones contain lakes, with little vege- 
tation in their deeper parts, many characteristic aquatics in shel- 
tered shallow bays, and still other species, mainly of rush-like 
aspect, on wave-washed sandy beaches. Around the lakes are 
also numerous lagoons cut off by barrier beaches, and these com- 
monly contain marsh vegetation, composed largely of grasses, 
sedges and rushes. The isolated depressions which are too small 
for wave action are usually occupied, at least around their edges, 
* See Pop. Sci. Monthly 85: 340-341. I9I4. 
