Vol. 45 No. 7 
BULLETIN 
OF THE 
TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB 
JULY, 1918 
The strand flora of the Hawaiian Archipelago—l. Geographical re- 
lations, origin, and composition 
VAUGHAN MACCAUGHEY 
‘GEOGRAPHICAL RELATIONS 
For a long time botanists have manifested particular interest 
in the strand vegetation of various countries. The floras of many 
continental and insular strands have alike yielded significant 
material. There is, however, absolutely no comprehensive ac- 
count of the Hawaiian littoral. Fragmentary and _ uncodrdi- 
nated notes concerning various Hawaiian strand plants are given 
by Hillebrand, Wawra, Gray, Chamisso, Heller, Mann, Schauins- 
land, Forbes, and other botanists, who at various times during 
the past century have studied the Hawaiian flora. In the works 
of none of these investigators is the littoral flora given any special 
prominence or consideration. This is somewhat surprising, as 
much of the Hawaiian coast line is readily accessible by boat or 
trail, whereas the montane districts present innumerable diffi- 
culties to the explorer and collector. 
Guppy (’06),* in connection with his suggestive studies of plant 
dispersal in the Pacific, visited the Hawaiian Archipelago and 
studied the strand flora with reference to the general problems of 
evolution and distribution. Frequent references are made to 
Guppy’s work in the present paper. His brilliant theories will 
undoubtedly require more or less revision as data concerning the 
Pacific flora become more comprehensive and standardized. 
* The literature cited will be listed in the second paper of this series. 
[The BULLETIN for June (45: 219-258. pl. 7) was issued June 20, 1918.] 
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