438 CoKkEeR: NortH AMERICAN SPECIES OF ENCALYPTA 
Teeth more or less united in pairs, unequal in length. 
Basal cells of leaves not papillose. 6. E. brevicolla. 
Capsule striate and spirally twisted, calyptra lacerate. 
Monoicous, seta smooth, spores 15-25 y; leaves’slightly 
toothed at base. 4. E. procera. 
Dioicous, seta slightly papillose, spores 8-12 yu, leaves 
entire 8. E. contoria. 
§ 1. Haplolepideae 
1. ENCALYPTA EXTINCTORIA (L.) Sw. Disp. Musc. Suec. 24. 1799 
Bryum extinctorium L. Sp. Pl. 1116. 1753. 
Leersia extinctoria Hedw. Fundam. 2: 88. 1782. 
Leersia marginata Hedw. Fundam. 2: 103. 1782. 
Leersia vulgaris Hedw. Descr. 1: 46. 1787. 
Encalypta vulgaris Hoftm. Deuts. Fl. 2:27. 1796. 
Encalypta cucullata C. Miill. & Kindb.; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 
6: 96, in part. 1892. 
Encalypta extinctoria subsp. tenella Kindb.; Roll, Hedwigia 35: 
65. 1896 
Plants small, about 0.5-1 cm. high; leaves up to 4 mm. long, 
I mm. wide; apical blade lingulate, apex cucullate contracted to 
an abrupt point; costa ending below the apex, smooth on both 
faces except slightly toothed at tip on back; margins plane, erose 
above; papillose cells 12-14 long; cells of hyaline base oblong, . 
up to 55 long by 15” wide, walls brown, slightly thickened at 
ends, with 7-8 rows of long narrow cells at margin; perichaetial 
leaves shorter and blunt at apex, usually carinate when moist. 
Monoicous; vaginule about 1.5 mm. long; seta 5~8 mm., red brown, 
not twisted; calyptra entire or ragged at base, slightly papillose 
at apex; lid about 1.5 mm. long; capsule 2-3 mm. long by I mm. 
wide, cylindric, smooth when young, ribbed when old; annulus 
simple, narrow; mouth marked by an irregular, broken row of 1-2 
quadrate, small, thickened cells; urn with the stomata sparsely 
scattered over the entire surface; neck short, red, without stomata; 
peristome, when present, of simple fugacious teeth; spores rough 
with large rounded papillae, 24~32u, maturing in early spring. 
TYPE LOCALITY: European. 
DIsTRIBUTION: On rocks and earth in the Rocky Mountains, 
from British Columbia to Colorado, and South Dakota; western 
states from Nevada to California. Also Eurasia and Australasia, 
according to Paris Index (45). 
ILLustRaTIONS: Dill. Hist. Musc. pl. 45. f. 8. 1741 (as 
Bryuwm); Hedw. Descr. 1: pl. 18. 1787 (as Leersia); Bryol. Eur. 
pl. 199. 1838 (as E. vulgaris). 
