The strand flora of the Hawaiian Archipelazo—ll, Ecological relations 
VAUGHAN MACCAUGHEY 
TEMPERATURE 
The Hawaiian littoral zone is characterized by relatively warm 
and uniform thermal conditions throughout the year. Sudden 
fluctuations are exceedingly rare and are never of great magnitude. 
The lowest recorded littoral temperature is 47° F., the highest is 
98° F.; the mean of all littoral temperatures is 74° F. The mean 
monthly temperature at Honolulu, which may be taken as a repre- 
sentative coastal station, varies from about 70.5° F. to 76.8° F., 
in January and July respectively. 
The following table, arranged from data of the Hawaiian 
Section, U. S. Weather Bureau, will show the temperature con- 
ditions (for 1915) of a number of littoral stations on the various 
islands. Data are not available from more strictly littoral sta- 
tions—i. e., at the actual beach line itself. This is a problem that 
awaits future field investigation. 
; Temperature 
‘ Elevation 
goes aa feet Mean | Max. Min. 
KMAUAE: Mane. o i ee a a 30 73.9" 93° x? 
PAA eos rss eee es I5 73.3 88 47 
OaHU Faheke coc 25 76.6 | 88 60 
Honoltla: 65 <2 ws ee FII FER oP Oy 58 
US. Mag. Sta oe 45 Yeg. | 92 50 
Waianne. 2.5 6<-....-55: 6 76.2 93 52 
Waialua Mill........-.. 30 74.3 93 52 
Motoxar: Kalawao.........---+-: 70 75.2 57 
Bganapalic. 20.06 eee 12 72.8 OI 55 
PIQUA. cies 2 ease 145 75.6 89 58 
Hawai: Mahukona...........-- II 75-5 98 58 
i Ae ee as 200 73-5 87 58 
Pepeekeo.......:-+---+> 100 93.3 86 57 
BiG oe 100 72.6 87 54 
TGDONO. - ss oie en ws IIo 72.8 89 58 
Olsson-Seffer (’10) presents data to show that on tropical and 
subtropical coasts the variations in the temperature of sea-water 
are mainly due to changes in the direction of the winds and cur- 
