OF THE HAWAIIAN ARCHIPELAGO 501 
of beach plants are slender-rooted. Upon close examination the’ 
wall is found to be composed of sand, coral particles, and other 
minutiae compactly cemented together. In cross section the 
wall shows a very much hardened inner layer forming a distinct 
zone. The outer layer is relatively soft and easily crumbled. 
These molds are the fossils of the root-ramifications of a pre- 
vious plant formation. Molds identical in mode of formation 
with those of the coral strands are also plentiful in the tufa slopes, 
and attain much larger sizes than the sand molds. Punchbowl, 
Round Top, Diamond Head, and Koko Head are typical regions 
where these molds occur in abundance and in all stages of de- 
velopment. 
COLLEGE OF Hawau, HONOLULU 
LITERATURE CITED 
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