INDEX. 



939 



Clack-valves, bordered pits compart'd to. 1. 



277. 

 Cladode. i. 332, 333. 353. 



— prickli', i. 434. 



C?ladouia, fruticose lichen, ii. 694. 



Clailouia coccifera, ii. 694. 



Cladonia furcata aud Protococctis, t 245, 



693. 

 Cladonia uiacilenta, PI. XV., ii. 694. 

 Oladoiiia pyxidata, PI. XV., ii. 694. 

 Cladoüia raiigiferiua, PI. XV., ii. 694. 

 Cladophora, coutiuutd CtiU-divisiun. i. 581. 



— life-history, ii. 651. 



— reticular. I. 5S6. 



— wide distribution, ii. 651. 

 Cladophomceie, characteristic features, ii. 



651. 

 Cladrastis lutea, scent, ii. 201. 

 Clamp-cells, of Orchid roots, i. 220. 

 Clandestiua, nectary, ii. 174. 



— pollen sprinkling, ii. 272. 

 Clandestina rectiflora, geitonogamy, ii. 331. 

 Clarkia, vLscin of poUen-grains, ii. 101. 

 Clarkia pulchella, alwrtive stamens, ii. 294. 

 Clary, Wild, Salvia Verbenaca, section of 



petiole, i. 22. 

 Classiücattou aud evolution of plants, ii. 607. 



— basis of, i- 6. 



— early methods, ii. 600. 



— of De Jussieu (1789) and De CandoUe (1813), 



j. 15: Ü. 602. 603. 



— of galls, ii. 528. 



— of plants, basis of Linnean System, ii. 86. 



— outline of, ii. 617. 



— principles of. i. 15. 

 Clathrocystis, habitat, ii. 621, 

 ClathruB, gleba, ii. 691. 

 CJathrua canceUatus. ii. 690. 

 Oatroptychium, i. 573. 

 Clavaria, spore- formation, ii. 20. 



— structure, i. 589. 



Clavaria aurea, i. 112; ii. 21, 685, 688. 

 Clavaria ina^qualis, ii. 688. 

 Clavaria), hymenium, ii. 688. 

 Claviceps, ii. 680. 



— asci and ascospores, ii. 19. 680. 



— spore-dispersal, ii. 827. 

 Clavicepa purpurea, ii. 680. 



localized attack, i. 168. 



spore-dispersal, i. 461. 



Claw, of petal, ii 87. 

 Clay, i. 83. 



Claytonia perfoliata, autogamy, ii. 365 

 Cleavage planes and striae, i. 568. 

 Cleistogamous flowers and habitat, ii. 3^ 



characteristics, ii. 392. 



Cleidtogamy, nature of, ii. 39L 

 Clematis, forced shoot, i. 561. 



— liane-Uke, L 670. 



— protogynous, ii. 31L 



— tendrils, L 692, 694. 



Clematis Flaumtüa, plumed achenes, ii. 858. 



pocket-galls on, ii. 532. 



Clematis miegrifoha, autogamy, ii. 349. 



protection of polleu, ii. 118. 



Clematis recta, pocket-galls on, ii. 532. 



Clematis Vitalba, uectarless, ii. 167. 



protogynous, ii. 310. 



scent, ii. 200. 



Cleome omithoiMdiodes, carnivorous in 

 minor degree, i. 156. 



sticky foliage. iL 236. 



ClerodendroD fistulosum, myrmecopbilous, 

 ii. 233. 



OlerodeudroD sanguineum, colour-contrast 

 in flower, ii. 191. 



Clianthus Dampieri, Australian, leaf, diur- 

 nal positions, i. 534. 



colour-contrast in flower, ii 190. 



Cliaothus puniceus, propagation by leaf- 

 cuttings, ii. 41. 



Climate and distribution, ii 1, 879. 



— and opening and closing of anther«, ii. 124. 



— and protection of pollen from wet, ii 106. 



— effect on fall of leaf, i 355. 



— in relation to bairioess. i 319. 



— negative in origin of species, Ü. 694. 



Climattc conditions and flower-production, 

 ii 474. 



great variability of, eorrolation of plant 



structure to. i 284. 

 Climatology and plant development, i. 5G4. 

 Climbers, perennial, mechanical tissue, i. 733. 

 Climbing uroids, ii. 744. 

 Climbing books of Hop, i 688. 

 Climbing Palm. See Desmoncus. 

 Climbing Pidms, ii. 741. 



liL-ight. &c.. ii. 740. 



Climbing phiuts and lateral pressure, i. 475. 



formerly held to be parasites, i. 159. 



leaf ai'rangemeut, i 420. 



Climbing stem, application of term, i. 671. 



cliaractehstics, i. 700. 



Climbing stems, t ransitional condition, i. 708. 

 Clinging fruits, ii. 867. 



Clinging roots, mechanical adaptation, i. 762. 

 Clinopodium vulgare, distribution of sexes, 



ii. 300. 

 Clip-mecbanism, of Asclepiad poUinia, fi. 



258. 

 Clivia, ii. 734. 

 Clivia nobilis, vitality of spermatoplasm. ii. 



96. 

 Cluck, floral, of LinneeuB, Ii. 215. 

 Closterium, Pi I., ii. 55. 



— movement, ii. 654. 



— swarming granules in, PI. I., i. 35. 

 Closterium Lunula, i. 35; ii. 492, 655. 

 Cloudberry. See Rubu^ Chamcemorus. 

 Clover. See Tri/olium. 

 Clover-Dodder. See Cuscuta Trifolii. 

 Cloves, oil of, ii. 200. 



— origin of, ii. 782. 

 Clove-scent, U. 201. 



Club-moss, Alpine. See Lycnpodmm al- 



pinum. 

 Club-mosses, description, ii. 713. 

 Club-tops. See Clavarite. 

 Clusia alba, lattice formation, i 680. 



root-hairs and earth particles, i 87. 



Clusia rosea, recently considered a vampire, 



i. 159. 

 Clusiaceae. lattice formation, i. 678, 681. 



— roots, i. 756, 761. 



Clusius, a Belgian, first travelling botanist, 

 i. 5. 



— Historic Plantarum, ii 1. 



— system of classification, ii. 601. 

 Cluster-gall, ii 542, 545. 



Clypeola Messaneusis, autogamy, ii. 339. 



Coat, of ovule, i 644. 



Cobjea, pollen deposition, ü 278. 



Coba^a scandens, autogamy, ii. 384. 



cross- fertilization, ii 304. 



flower, ii. 240. 



flower and autogamy, ii. 385. 



pollen-grains, ii. 98, 100, 102. 127. 



tendril, i 697. 



Cobalt, in dvist, i. 81. 



Cocain, i 462. 



Coccocarpia molybdaja, ii. 693. 



structure, i. 245. 



Coccolobaplatyclada. Solomon Islands, i. 334. 



Cocconema Cistula, ii 626- 



Cochlearia Armoracia, heterogamy advan- 

 tageous, ii. 578. 



Cochlearia fenestralis, Siberia, cold resist- 

 ance, i 543. 



Cochlearia Greonlandica, autogamy, ii. 339. 



Cochlearia ottlcinalis, cold resistance, i 543. 



Cock's-foot Grass. See Dactpli«. 



Cock's-tail Alga. See Spir&phyton. 



Cocoa-nut, Double, ii. 740. 



Cocoa-nut Palm. See Coco» nuci/era. 



Coco» nucifera, dimensions, i. 712; ii. 451. 



Codiacese, characteristics of thallus in, Ü 645. 



Codium, colonies, i 535. 



Codium tomentosum, British, ii 646. 



CcBlanthe, autogamy in, ii. 372. 



(Jcelebog>'nc llicifolia, parihenogenesls, ii. 466. 



Ccelenterates and Pleurococcacetu, ii 637. 



Coeloblasttai, Ii. 606. 



Cceloglossum and Orchis, hybridization, ii. 

 583. 



Coelogj-no plantaginea, ovarian liiiii-s, ii. 81. 



ovary, ii. 83. 



Ccenobe, of Volvox, ii 635. 



Coffea, emljryo, cotyledons, i. 600. 



Cohesion, i. 5S, 



Cohn, classification of Thallophytes, U. 606. 



Cohort, of Braun, ii. 605. 



— subdivision of class, ii. G17. 

 Colchicacoaj, characteristics, ii 730. 

 Colchicum, autiigamy, ii. 372. 



— extrorae anthers, ii 95. 



— opening aud closing, ii. 220. 



— protection of polleu from rain, ii 112. 



— protogynous, ii. 311. 



— styles, i 645. 

 Colchicum autumiiale, ii. 729. 



autogamy aud beterostylism, ii. 374. 



depth of corms, i. 652. 



flower-opening constant, i. 559. 



nectaries, ii. 175. 



odourless, i. 431. 



opening of flowers and growth, ii. 220. 



pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



starch, i 459. 



Cold, effect on various plants, i 543. 

 CoIeochBPte, cilia of, i. 29. 



— life-history, ii. 653. 



— relationship to Florideje, ii. £54. 

 Coleochfbteje, ii. 606. 



— as Lichen-algae, ii. 693. 

 Coleosporium senecionis, hetercecism, ii. 686. 

 Coleus, and cold, i. 545. 



Collective aud aggregate fruits, ii. 437. 

 CoUective fruit, ii. 43C, 438- 

 Collema, distribution of alga in, ii. *'94. 

 Collema pulposum, ii. 694. 



a gelatinous Lieben, surface view and 



section, i 244. 

 Collemaceaj, nutrition, i. 81. 

 Collenchyma, in perennial twining stems, i 

 733. 



— nature and properties, i. 231, 726. 

 Colletia, leaves and pbylloclades, i. 334, 335. 



434. 

 Collinsonia Canadensis, autogamy, ii 350. 

 CoUomia, seed-cement, i 615. 



— seed-dispersal, ii 838. 



Colocasia, arrangement of foliage-leaves, i 



93. 

 Colocaeia antiquorum, inflorescence, &c., ii. 



742. 

 Colonies of plants, isolated, examples, i 528. 

 Colony, apphcation of term, i 585 

 Colour and elevation, ii. 511. 



— of hybrids, ii. 566. 



— of water, i 388. 



Colour-contrast in flowers, ii. 184, 189, 190, 



191, 193. 

 Coloured fruits and seeds, ii. 865. 

 Columella, in Anthocerotaccie, ii. 698. 



— of Moss-capsule, ii. 702. 



— of Splachuum. ii 703. 



Column, marble, near Castle of Ambras, 



Lichens on. i. 247. 

 Coluum of Epipogium aphyllum, ii 226. 



— of Orchid as insect platform, ii 225. 



— of Orchid ovary, ii. 253. 



— of Phalajnopsis Schilleriana, ii. 227- 

 ColumnifersB, of Braun, ii 605. 



Colutea arborescens, isolnted colonies, i 



528. 

 Comarum palustre, colour of sepals, ii. 183. 



creeping stem, i. 662. 



Combined girders, of stems, i. 728. 

 Comfrey. See Symphytum. 

 Comma- bacillus, of cholera, i 163. 

 Commelyna cwlestis, autogamy, ii 357- 

 Commelynaceaj, calcium oxalate crystals, i. 



570. 



— cotyledon in germination, i 606. 

 Compass plants, i 337- 



Complexity and higher development, ii. 598. 

 ComposiUe, ii 599, 765. 



— absorlwnt leaf-teeth, i. 238. 



— eeativatlon in. ü. 210. 



— as insect shelters, ii 163. 



— autogamy iu, ii 359, 363, 372. 



